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Table 6 Parameters of the final cross-sectional measurement invariance model at cycle 1

From: A life-course and time perspective on the construct validity of psychological distress in women and men. Measurement invariance of the K6 across gender

 

Pooled

(n = 13019)

Young adults

(n = 5748)

Middle-aged

(n = 4746)

Seniors

(n = 2525)

A - So sad nothing could cheer you up

    

   Factor loadings

.77

.79

.75

.81

   Threshold 0-1

0.50/0.42

0.40

0.48

0.73

   Threshold 1-2

1.32/1.24

1.29

1.25

1.44

   Threshold 2-3

2.08/2.05

2.12

2.06

2.11

   Threshold 3-4

2.78/2.63

2.78

2.64

2.70

B - Nervous

    

   Factor loadings

.58

.50

.63

.67

   Threshold 0-1

-0.13

-0.34

-0.02

0.36

   Threshold 1-2

0.79

0.72

0.82

1.07

   Threshold 2-3

1.69

1.71

1.67

1.84

   Threshold 3-4

2.24

2.31

2.17

2.36

C - Restless or fidgety

    

   Factor loadings

.58

.54

.58

.65

   Threshold 0-1

0.03/0.17

-0.16/-0.01

0.21

0.36/0.60

   Threshold 1-2

0.76/0.92

0.58/0.80

0.96

1.08/1.29

   Threshold 2-3

1.61/1.71

1.48/1.59

1.79

1.81/2.04

   Threshold 3-4

2.02/2.23

1.87/2.21

2.25

2.36/2.37

D - Hopeless

    

   Factor loadings

.92

.92

.91

.94

   Threshold 0-1

1.13

1.08

1.19

1.23/1.47

   Threshold 1-2

1.68

1.67

1.70

1.77/1.95

   Threshold 2-3

2.36

2.38

2.38

2.52/2.48

   Threshold 3-4

2.74

2.71

2.76

3.63/2.82

E - Worthless

    

   Factor loadings

.85

.86

.87

.81

   Threshold 0-1

1.46

1.42

1.52

1.57

   Threshold 1-2

1.94

1.99

1.92

2.10

   Threshold 2-3

2.49

2.60

2.42

2.66

   Threshold 3-4

2.78

2.93

2.67

2.86

F - Everything is an effort

    

   Factor loadings

.63

.64

.69

.68

   Threshold 0-1

0.14

-0.03/0.08

0.24

0.37

   Threshold 1-2

0.87

0.74/0.91

0.96

1.06

   Threshold 2-3

1.54

1.39/1.65

1.64

1.73

   Threshold 3-4

2.08

2.02/2.18

2.31

2.06

  1. a The threshold over the diagonal is for men; the parameter below the diagonal is for women. A single value indicates that the threshold is similar for men and women (i.e., gender invariance for the threshold).