Table 1 Factor Loadings for 14-Factor Model of Symptoms Reported by Millennium Cohort Participants, 2004-2006
From: Exploratory factor analysis of self-reported symptoms in a large, population-based military cohort
Symptom descriptiona | Sourceb | Factor loadingc (× 100) | Additional factorsd |
|---|---|---|---|
Factor 1 (mental health) | Â | Â | Â |
   Upset when reminded of past experiences | PCL-C | 84 |  |
   Physical reactions when reminded of past experiences | PCL-C | 84 |  |
   Avoid thinking about past experiences | PCL-C | 84 |  |
   Avoid activities that remind you of past experiences | PCL-C | 84 |  |
   Repeated disturbing memories of past experiences | PCL-C | 83 |  |
   Acting as if past experience is happening again | PCL-C | 82 |  |
   Repeated disturbing dreams of past experiences | PCL-C | 80 |  |
   Jumpy/easily startled | PCL-C | 73 |  |
   Thinking/dreaming about terrible past event | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 72 |  |
   Trouble remembering parts of past experiences | PCL-C | 71 |  |
   Super-alert/on guard | PCL-C | 69 |  |
   Distant/cut off | PCL-C | 68 |  |
   Feeling future will be cut short | PCL-C | 67 |  |
   Down in the dumps | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | 66 | 12 (38) |
   Emotionally numb | PCL-C | 65 |  |
   Downhearted/blue | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | 63 | 12 (37) |
   Loss of interest | PCL-C | 61 |  |
   Difficulty concentrating | PCL-C | 61 |  |
   Thoughts you would be better off dead | PHQ (Depression) | 61 | 12 (41) |
   Irritable/angry | PCL-C | 60 |  |
   Feel bad about yourself | PHQ (Depression) | 60 | 12 (40) |
   Down, depressed | PHQ (Depression) | 60 | 12 (45) |
   Nervous, anxious | PHQ (Anxiety) | 60 |  |
   Nervous person | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | 59 |  |
   Anxiety attack | PHQ (Panic) | 58 |  |
   Moving/speaking slowly | PHQ (Depression) | 58 |  |
   Trouble concentrating | PHQ (Depression) | 56 |  |
   Something bad that happened recently | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 56 |  |
   No one to turn to | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 55 | 8 (46) |
   Trouble sleeping | PCL-C | 52 | 11 (58) |
   Little interest/pleasure | PHQ (Depression) | 52 | 12 (37) |
   Confusion | SHQ | 47 | 13 (49) |
   Trouble sleeping/sleeping too much | PHQ (Depression) | 45 | 11 (63) |
   Poor appetite/overeating | PHQ (Depression) | 43 | 4 (40) |
   Stress at work/school | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 42 |  |
   Difficulties with spouse/partner | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 41 | 8 (58) |
   Financial problems | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 40 | 8 (43) |
   Tired/little energy | PHQ (Depression) | 38 | 10 (45) |
   Stress taking care of family | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 38 | 8 (52) |
   Worn out | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | 38 | 10 (66) |
   Happy person | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | -38 | 5 (-68) |
   Trouble sleeping | SHQ | 37 | 11 (63) |
   Worrying about health | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 36 |  |
   Calm and peaceful | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | -36 | 5 (-66) |
Factor 2 (chest pain, short breath, etc.) | Â | Â | Â |
   Chest pain | PHQ (Somatoform) | 74 |  |
   Shortness of breath | PHQ (Somatoform) | 72 |  |
   Shortness of breath | SHQ | 70 | 3 (38) |
   Chest pain | SHQ | 68 | 3 (36) |
   Heart pound/race | PHQ (Somatoform) | 62 |  |
   Dizziness | PHQ (Somatoform) | 51 |  |
   Fainting spells | PHQ (Somatoform) | 49 |  |
   Unusual muscle pains | SHQ | 37 | 3 (41), 7 (44) |
Factor 3 (flu-like symptoms) | Â | Â | Â |
   Fever | SHQ | 85 |  |
   Sore throat | SHQ | 82 |  |
   Cough | SHQ | 80 |  |
   Diarrhea | SHQ | 57 | 9 (52) |
   Earlobe pain | SHQ | 41 |  |
   Unusual muscle pains | SHQ | 41 | 2 (37), 7 (44) |
   Night sweats | SHQ | 38 |  |
   Severe headache | SHQ | 38 | 14 (65) |
   Shortness of breath | SHQ | 38 | 2 (70) |
   Rash/skin ulcer | SHQ | 36 |  |
   Chest pain | SHQ | 36 | 2 (68) |
Factor 4 (disordered eating) | Â | Â | Â |
   Laxatives | PHQ (Disordered Eating) | 75 |  |
   Made yourself vomit | PHQ (Disordered Eating) | 70 |  |
   Exercised to avoid weight gain | PHQ (Disordered Eating) | 70 |  |
   Can't control what/how much eat | PHQ (Disordered Eating) | 68 |  |
   Fasted | PHQ (Disordered Eating) | 64 |  |
   Bothered by weight/how you look | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 61 |  |
   Eat unusually large amount in 2 hours | PHQ (Disordered Eating) | 53 |  |
   Poor appetite/overeating | PHQ (Depression) | 40 | 1 (43) |
Factor 5 (vitality) | Â | Â | Â |
   Lot of energy | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | -83 |  |
   Full of pep | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | -73 |  |
   Happy person | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | -68 |  |
   Calm and peaceful | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | -66 |  |
Factor 6 (problem drinking) | Â | Â | Â |
   Drank while working | PHQ (Problem Drinking) | 85 |  |
   Missed work | PHQ (Problem Drinking) | 83 |  |
   Drove after drinking | PHQ (Problem Drinking) | 79 |  |
   Problem getting along with others while drinking | PHQ (Problem Drinking) | 70 |  |
   Drank despite doctor's warning | PHQ (Problem Drinking) | 48 |  |
Factor 7 (aches and pains) | Â | Â | Â |
   Amount of bodily pain | SF-36V (Bodily Pain) | 75 |  |
   Pain in arms, legs, or joints | PHQ (Somatoform) | 69 |  |
   Back pain | PHQ (Somatoform) | 59 |  |
   Unusual muscle pains | SHQ | 44 | 2 (37), 3 (41) |
Factor 8 (relationships and responsibilities) | Â | Â | Â |
   Difficulties with spouse/partner | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 58 | 1 (41) |
   Stress taking care of family | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 52 | 1 (38) |
   No one to turn to | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 46 | 1 (55) |
   Little/no sexual desire/pleasure | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 44 |  |
   Financial problems | PHQ (Miscellaneous) | 43 | 1 (40) |
Factor 9 (gastrointestinal problems) | Â | Â | Â |
   Constipation, diarrhea | PHQ (Somatoform) | 79 |  |
   Nausea, indigestion | PHQ (Somatoform) | 62 |  |
   Stomach pain | PHQ (Somatoform) | 57 |  |
   Diarrhea | SHQ | 52 | 3 (57) |
Factor 10 (fatigue) | Â | Â | Â |
   Tired | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | 72 |  |
   Worn out | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | 66 | 1 (38) |
   Tired/little energy | PHQ (Depression) | 45 | 1 (38) |
   Sleepy all the time | SHQ | 44 |  |
   Unusual fatigue | SHQ | 39 |  |
Factor 11 (sleeping problems) | Â | Â | Â |
   Trouble sleeping | SHQ | 63 | 1 (37) |
   Trouble sleeping/sleeping too much | PHQ (Depression) | 63 | 1 (45) |
   Trouble sleeping | PCL-C | 58 | 1 (52) |
Factor 12 (depressed mood) | Â | Â | Â |
   Down, depressed | PHQ (Depression) | 45 | 1 (60) |
   Thoughts you would be better off dead | PHQ (Depression) | 41 | 1 (61) |
   Feel bad about yourself | PHQ (Depression) | 40 | 1 (60) |
   Down in the dumps | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | 38 | 1 (66) |
   Downhearted/blue | SF-36V (Vitality/Mental Health) | 37 | 1 (63) |
   Little interest/pleasure | PHQ (Depression) | 37 | 1 (52) |
Factor 13 (cognitive problems) | Â | Â | Â |
   Forgetfulness | SHQ | 52 |  |
   Confusion | SHQ | 49 | 1 (47) |
Factor 14 (headache) | Â | Â | Â |
   Headaches | PHQ (Somatoform) | 66 |  |
   Severe headache | SHQ | 65 | 3 (38) |