Skip to main content

Table 5 Differences in ratings of route environments by subgroups of advertisement-recruited participants

From: Bikeability and methodological issues using the active commuting route environment scale (ACRES) in a metropolitan setting

 

Inner urban: Difference: Only I* and Both I&S*

Suburban: Difference: Only S* and Both I&S

 

Women

Men

Women

Men

Item

Mean ± SEd**

p-value

Mean ± SEd

p-value

Mean ± SEd

p-value

Mean ± SEd

p-value

1. On the whole

0.24 ± 0.32

0.439

-0.02 ± 0.44

0.965

0.38 ± 0.22

0.081

-0.01 ± 0.28

0.981

2. Hinders or stimulates

0.39 ± 0.32

0.230

0.24 ± 0.40

0.554

0.45 ± 0.22

0.038

0.27 ± 0.29

0.359

3. Exhaust fumes

-0.28 ± 0.28

0.318

1.12 ± 0.41

0.006

-1.06 ± 0.27

0.000

-0.01 ± 0.34

0.981

4. Noise

-0.45 ± 0.27

0.099

1.05 ± 0.39

0.008

-1.09 ± 0.28

0.000

-0.05 ± 0.33

0.872

5. Flow of motor vehicles

-0.09 ± 0.29

0.749

0.70 ± 0.39

0.073

-1.19 ± 0.31

0.000

-0.32 ± 0.38

0.405

6. Speeds of motor vehicles

0.42 ± 0.25

0.098

0.18 ± 0.36

0.629

-1.18 ± 0.25

0.000

-0.65 ± 0.31

0.036

7. Speeds of bicyclists

-0.03 ± 0.24

0.899

1.01 ± 0.37

0.006

-1.28 ± 0.20

0.000

-0.25 ± 0.23

0.270

8. Congestion: all types of vehicles

-0.40 ± 0.29

0.173

0.66 ± 0.38

0.082

-1.38 ± 0.27

0.000

0.23 ± 0.32

0.479

9. Congestion: bicyclists

-0.30 ± 0.32

0.358

-0.44 ± 0.51

0.381

-2.42 ± 0.26

0.000

-1.49 ± 0.29

0.000

10. Conflicts

-0.33 ± 0.34

0.337

0.52 ± 0.48

0.287

-0.95 ± 0.27

0.001

-0.16 ± 0.36

0.654

11. Bicycle paths***

-0.93 ± 0.26

0.000

-1.15 ± 0.37

0.002

-1.01 ± 0.20

0.000

-1.24 ± 0.27

0.000

12. Traffic: unsafe or safe

0.43 ± 0.35

0.218

0.13 ± 0.47

0.781

0.32 ± 0.23

0.173

-0.09 ± 0.29

0.749

13. Greenery

0.33 ± 0.38

0.378

0.61 ± 0.51

0.226

1.08 ± 0.24

0.000

0.56 ± 0.30

0.065

14. Ugly or beautiful

0.73 ± 0.31

0.017

0.84 ± 0.42

0.044

0.53 ± 0.22

0.018

0.32 ± 0.29

0.280

15. Course of the route

-0.72 ± 0.34

0.033

-0.19 ± 0.52

0.715

-0.68 ± 0.27

0.011

-0.29 ± 0.35

0.405

16. Hilliness

-0.39 ± 0.33

0.236

0.49 ± 0.45

0.282

-0.83 ± 0.31

0.007

-0.31 ± 0.39

0.435

17. Red lights

-0.19 ± 0.39

0.632

1.02 ± 0.50

0.043

-0.36 ± 0.27

0.176

-0.60 ± 0.34

0.085

18. Short or long

-1.52 ± 0.26

0.000

-1.43 ± 0.35

0.000

-1.32 ± 0.24

0.000

-0.77 ± 0.29

0.008

  1. *Both I&S = those who bicycle-commuted in both the inner urban and suburban areas, Only I = those who bicycle-commuted in only the inner urban area and Only S = those who bicycle-commuted in only the suburban area.
  2. **SEd = standard error of difference.
  3. ***Minimal value = 0 and maximal value = 10.