Figure 5From: Combining directed acyclic graphs and the change-in-estimate procedure as a novel approach to adjustment-variable selection in epidemiology Add-one and minus-one patterns for a starting adjustment-variable set of { C 1 } based on DAG in Figure 2, taking the associations in the DAG in Figure 1 as the unknown best working DAG. The solid horizontal line is the RD estimate adjusted on the putative minimally sufficient set {C1}. The dashed horizontal lines are the pre-defined meaningful change thresholds in the RD estimate. The add-one section shows the RD upon adding each variable listed to the adjustment-variable set in turn. The minus-one section shows the RD upon removing each variable listed from the adjustment-variable set in turn.Back to article page