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Table 4 The surrogacy status of blood pressure reduction for stroke prevention on the BSES3 assuming a reliability coefficient of r = 1.0 (no uncertainty) and assuming a reliability coefficient of r=0.9 (minimal uncertainty)

From: Is blood pressure reduction a valid surrogate endpoint for stroke prevention? an analysis incorporating a systematic review of randomised controlled trials, a by-trial weighted errors-in-variables regression, the surrogate threshold effect (STE) and the biomarker-surrogacy (BioSurrogate) evaluation schema (BSES)

 

Study

Design

Target

Outcome

Statistical

Relationship

Note1

Generalisability

Combined

Grade

Systolic

r = 1.0

3

3

1

3

10

C

See Note

2

Systolic

r = 0.9

3

3

2

3

11

B+

Diastolic

r = 1.0

3

3

2

3

11

B+

Diastolic

r = 0.9

3

3

3

3

12

A

  1. Note 1: We did not have individual level data from any randomised controlled trial needed to evaluate individual-level associations therefore we assumed that the Rindividual 2 was as least as large as the R2 trial
  2. Note 2: Although the combined score is 10, the statistical relationship was less than rank 2, therefore the grade drops from B to C