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Table 10 Association between sponsor and clinical outcomes: Microflora

From: Association between funding source, methodological quality and research outcomes in randomized controlled trials of synbiotics, probiotics and prebiotics added to infant formula: A Systematic Review

Microflora

Source of funding

Positive 4*

Negative 5*

Neutral 6*

Chi-square p value

Fisher’s exact p value

n (%)$$

n (%)$$

n (%)$$

Bifidobacteria N = 31

Industry

12 (38.7)

 

6 (19.4)

0.416

0.583

None/Not clear

8 (25.8)

 

2 (6.5)

  

Non industry

3 (9.7)

    

Lactobacillus N = 19

Industry

2 (10.5)

 

6 (31.6)

0.155

0.176

None/Not clear

4 (21.1)

 

5 (26.3)

  

Non industry

2 (10.5)

 

0

  

Pathogens N = 25

Industry

2 (8.0)

 

11 (44.0)

0.532

0.612

None/Not clear

3 (12.0)

1 (4.0)

6 (24.0)

  
 

Non industry

  

2 (8.0)

  
  1. $$ Overall percentage.
  2. *Positive: synbiotic, probiotic or prebiotic supplementation had a statistically significant effect, p < 0.05. There were significant differences between study groups (in favour of experimental group).
  3. *Neutral: synbiotic, probiotic or prebiotic supplementation did not have a statistically significant effect, p > 0.05, No significant differences between study groups.
  4. *Negative: synbiotic, probiotic or prebiotic supplementation had a statistically significant increase in an adverse event / negative outcome, p < 0.05.