Table 3 Sub-group analysis of item responses by anatomical region (article n = 240)
From: Risk of bias of randomized controlled trials published in orthopaedic journals
Randomization | Yes (%) | No (%) | Not reported (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Spine& Neck | 14(60.9) | 0(0) | 9(39.1) |
Upper Extremity | 32(78.1) | 3(7.3) | 6(14.6) |
Lower Extremity | 112(67.9) | 14(8.5) | 39(23.6) |
Mixed | 7(70.0) | 0(0) | 3(30.0) |
Allocation concealment | |||
Spine& Neck | 14(60.9) | 0(0) | 9(39.1) |
Upper Extremity | 32(78.1) | 3 (7.3) | 6(14.6) |
Lower Extremity | 111(67.3) | 12(7.3) | 42(25.5) |
Mixed | 7(70.0) | 0(0) | 3(30.0) |
Blinding of Participants | |||
Spine& Neck | 6(26.1) | 7(30.4) | 10(43.5) |
Upper Extremity | 6(14.6) | 8(19.5) | 27(65.9) |
Lower Extremity | 35(21.2) | 34(20.6) | 96(58.2) |
Mixed | 2(20.0) | 2(20.0) | 6(60.0) |
Blinding of Outcome Assessors | |||
Spine& Neck | 11(47.8) | 3(13.0) | 9(39.1) |
Upper Extremity | 18(43.9) | 10(24.4) | 13(31.7) |
Lower Extremity | 82(49.7) | 24(14.6) | 59(35.8) |
Mixed | 7(70.0) | 1(10.0) | 2(20.0) |
Outcome Measurement | |||
Spine& Neck | 21(91.3) | 0(0) | 2(8.7) |
Upper Extremity | 39(95.1) | 0(0) | 2(4.9) |
Lower Extremity | 156(94.6) | 2(1.2) | 7(4.2) |
Mixed | 9(90.0) | 0(0) | 1(10.0) |
Similarly Trained Individuals | |||
Spine& Neck | 5(21.7) | 0(0) | 18(78.3) |
Upper Extremity | 24(58.5) | 1(2.4) | 16(39.0) |
Lower Extremity | 81(49.1) | 2(1.2) | 82(49.7) |
Mixed | 3(30.0) | 0(0) | 7(70.0) |
Compliance with Intervention | |||
Spine& Neck | 13(56.5) | 10(43.5) | 0(0) |
Upper Extremity | 29(70.7) | 12(29.3) | 0(0) |
Lower Extremity | 119(72.1) | 45(27.3) | 1(0.6) |
Mixed | 5(50.0) | 5(50.0) | 0(0) |
Intent to Treat Analysis | |||
Spine& Neck | 9(39.1) | 1(4.4) | 13(56.5) |
Upper Extremity | 20(48.8) | 1(2.4) | 20(48.8) |
Lower Extremity | 70(42.4) | 2(1.2) | 93(56.4) |
Mixed | 4(40.0) | 0(0) | 6(60.0) |
Clustering | |||
Spine& Neck | 0(0) | 0(0) | 23(100) |
Upper Extremity | 0(0) | 0(0) | 41(100) |
Lower Extremity | 1(0.6) | 0(0) | 164(99.4) |
Mixed | 0(0) | 0(0) | 10(100) |
Similar at Baseline | |||
Spine& Neck | 17(73.9) | 1(4.4) | 5(21.7) |
Upper Extremity | 30(73.2) | 0(0) | 11(26.8) |
Lower Extremity | 117(70.9) | 16(9.7) | 32(19.4) |
Mixed | 4(40.0) | 3(30.0) | 3(30.0) |