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Table 4 Sub-group analysis of item responses by subject

From: Risk of bias of randomized controlled trials published in orthopaedic journals

Randomization

Y

N

DK

Adult reconstruction

33(71.7)

3(6.5)

10(21.7)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

5(71.4)

2(28.6)

0(0)

Sports Medicine

50(71.4)

6(8.6)

14(20.0)

Trauma

13(86.7)

1(6.7)

1(6.7)

Foot and Ankle

20(69.0)

2(6.9)

7(24.1)

Hand and Upper Extremity

11(84.6)

0(0)

2(15.4)

Spine

13(56.5)

0(0)

10(43.5)

OA

20(57.1)

3(8.6)

12(34.3)

Allocation Concealment

Adult reconstruction

33(71.7)

3(6.5)

10(21.7)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

5(71.4)

2(28.6)

0(0)

Sports Medicine

48(68.6)

5(7.1)

17(24.3)

Trauma

13(86.7)

1(6.7)

1(6.7)

Foot and Ankle

20(69.0)

2(6.9)

7(24.1)

Hand and Upper Extremity

11(84.6)

0(0)

2(15.4)

Spine

13(56.5)

0(0)

10(43.5)

OA

21(60.)

2(5.7)

12(34.3)

Blinding of Participants

Adult reconstruction

10(21.7)

9(19.6)

27(58.7)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

2(28.6)

4(57.1)

1(14.3)

Sports Medicine

10(14.3)

10(14.3)

50(71.4)

Trauma

3(20.0)

5(33.3)

7(46.7)

Foot and Ankle

5(17.2)

9(31.0)

15(51.7)

Hand and Upper Extremity

3(23.1)

2(15.4)

8(61.5)

Spine

5(21.7)

7(30.4)

11(47.8)

OA

11(31.4)

5(14.3)

19(54.3)

Blinding of Assessors

Adult reconstruction

20(43.5)

8(17.4)

18(39.1)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

3(42.9)

2(28.6)

2(28.6)

Sports Medicine

34(48.6)

10(14.3)

26(37.1)

Trauma

9(60.0)

3(20.0)

3(20.0)

Foot and Ankle

14(48.3)

6(20.7)

9(31.0)

Hand and Upper Extremity

6(46.2)

4(30.8)

3(23.1)

Spine

10(43.5)

3(13.0)

10(43.5)

OA

22(62.9)

1(2.9)

12(34.3)

Outcome Measurement

Adult reconstruction

44(95.7)

1(2.2)

1(2.2)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

7(100)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Sports Medicine

63(90.0)

1(1.4)

6(8.6)

Trauma

14(93.3)

0(0)

1(6.7)

Foot and Ankle

28(96.6)

0(0)

1(3.5)

Hand and Upper Extremity

13(100)

0(0)

0(0)

Spine

21(91.3)

0(0)

2(8.7)

OA

34(97.1)

0(0)

1(2.9)

Similarly Trained Individuals

Adult reconstruction

25(54.4)

0(0)

21(45.7)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

3(42.9)

0(0)

4(57.1)

Sports Medicine

54(77.1)

1(1.4)

15(21.4)

Trauma

6(40.0)

1(6.7)

8(53.3)

Foot and Ankle

17(58.6)

1(3.5)

11(37.9)

Hand and Upper Extremity

4(30.8)

0(0)

9(69.2)

Spine

4(17.4)

0(0)

19(82.6)

OA

0(0)

0(0)

35(100)

Compliance with Intervention

Adult reconstruction

32(69.6)

14(30.4)

0(0)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

5(71.4)

2(28.6)

0(0)

Sports Medicine

53(75.7)

17(24.3)

0(0)

Trauma

9(60.0)

6(40.0)

0(0)

Foot and Ankle

18(62.1)

10(34.5)

1(3.5)

Hand and Upper Extremity

8(61.5)

5(38.5)

0(0)

Spine

12(52.2)

11(47.8)

0(0)

OA

29(82.9)

6(17.1)

0(0)

Intent to Treat Analysis

Adult reconstruction

14(30.4)

1(2.2)

31(67.4)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

5(71.4)

0(0)

2(28.6)

Sports Medicine

26(37.1)

2(2.9)

42(60.0)

Trauma

6(40.0)

0(0)

9(60.0)

Foot and Ankle

15(51.7)

0(0)

14(48.3)

Hand and Upper Extremity

7(52.9)

0(0)

6(46.2)

Spine

8(34.8)

1(4.4)

14(60.9)

OA

22(62.9)

0(0)

13(37.1)

Clustering

Adult reconstruction

1(2.2)

0(0)

45(97.8)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

0(0)

0(0)

7(100)

Sports Medicine

0(0)

0(0)

70(100)

Trauma

0(0)

0(0)

15(100)

Foot and Ankle

0(0)

0(0)

29(100)

Hand and Upper Extremity

0(0)

0(0)

13(100)

Spine

0(0)

0(0)

23(100)

OA

0(0)

0(0)

35(100)

Similar at Baseline

Adult reconstruction

33(71.7)

4(8.7)

9(19.6)

Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery

6(85.7)

1(14.3)

0(0)

Sports Medicine

54(77.1)

3(4.3)

13(18.6)

Trauma

9(60.0)

2(13.3)

4(26.7)

Foot and Ankle

19(65.5)

0(0)

10(34.5)

Hand and Upper Extremity

8(61.5)

0(0)

5(38.5)

Spine

17(73.9)

1(4.4)

5(21.7)

OA

22(62.9)

9(25.7)

4(11.4)