From: Risk of bias of randomized controlled trials published in orthopaedic journals
Randomization | Y | N | DK |
---|---|---|---|
Asia | 11(64.7) | 4(23.5) | 2(11.8) |
Europe | 78(75.0) | 6(5.8) | 20(19.2) |
N. America | 66(62.9) | 7(6.7) | 32(30.5) |
Oceana | 9(81.8) | 0(0) | 2(18.2) |
Mixed | 1(50.0) | 0(0) | 1(50.0) |
Allocation Concealment | |||
Asia | 11(64.7) | 4(23.5) | 2(11.8) |
Europe | 78(75.0) | 4(3.9) | 22(21.2) |
N. America | 66(62.9) | 7(6.7) | 32(30.5) |
Oceana | 8(72.7) | 0(0) | 3(27.3) |
Mixed | 1(50.0) | 0(0) | 1(50.0) |
Blinding of Participants | |||
Asia | 2(11.8) | 0(0) | 15(88.2) |
Europe | 21(20.2) | 24(23.1) | 59(56.7) |
N. America | 23(21.9) | 24(22.9) | 58(55.2) |
Oceana | 2(18.2) | 3(27.3) | 6(54.6) |
Mixed | 1(50.0) | 0(0) | 1(50.0) |
Blinding of Assessors | |||
Asia | 9(52.9) | 2(11.8) | 6(35.3) |
Europe | 51(49.0) | 22(21.2) | 31(29.8) |
N. America | 51(48.6) | 13(12.4) | 41(39.1) |
Oceana | 6(54.6) | 1(9.1) | 4(36.4) |
Mixed | 1(50.0) | 0(0) | 1(50.0) |
Outcome Measurement | |||
Asia | 15(88.2) | 1(5.9) | 1(5.9) |
Europe | 99(95.2) | 0(0) | 5(4.8) |
N. America | 99(94.3) | 1(1.0) | 5(4.8) |
Oceana | 10(90.0) | 0(0) | 1(9.1) |
Mixed | 2(100) | 0(0) | 0(0) |
Similarly Trained Individuals | |||
Asia | 10(58.8) | 0(0) | 7(41.2) |
Europe | 54(51.9) | 1(1.0) | 49(47.1) |
N. America | 46(43.8) | 2(1.9) | 57(54.3) |
Oceana | 3(27.3) | 0(0) | 8(72.7) |
Mixed | 0(0) | 0(0) | 2(100) |
Compliance with Intervention | |||
Asia | 11(64.7) | 5(29.4) | 1(5.9) |
Europe | 76(73.1) | 28(26.9) | 0(0) |
N. America | 69(65.7) | 36(34.3) | 0(0) |
Oceana | 9(81.8) | 2(18.2) | 0(0) |
Mixed | 1(50.0) | 1(50.0) | 0(0) |
Intent to Treat Analysis | |||
Asia | 6(6.1) | 0(0) | 11(64.7) |
Europe | 47(45.2) | 1(1.0) | 56(53.9) |
N. America | 43(41.0) | 3(2.9) | 59(56.2) |
Oceana | 5(45.5) | 0(0) | 6(54.6) |
Mixed | 2(100) | 0(0) | 0(0) |
Clustering | |||
Asia | 0(0) | 0(0) | 17(100) |
Europe | 0(0) | 0(0) | 104(100) |
N. America | 1(1.0) | 0(0) | 104(99.1) |
Oceana | 0(0) | 0(0) | 11(100) |
Mixed | 0(0) | 0(0) | 2(100) |
Similar at Baseline | |||
Asia | 13(76.5) | 1(5.9) | 3(17.7) |
Europe | 67(64.4) | 8(7.7) | 29(27.9) |
N. America | 79(75.2) | 9(8.6) | 17(16.2) |
Oceana | 7(63.6) | 2(18.2) | 2(18.2) |
Mixed | 2(100) | 0(0) | 0(0) |