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Table 3 Summary of DIF by administration mode for each PU-QOL scale

From: Using mixed methods to select optimal mode of administration for a patient-reported outcome instrument for people with pressure ulcers

Scale (no. of items)

Uniform

 

Non-uniform

 

(sample size)

p < 0.01*

p < 0.05*

p < 0.01*

*p < 0.05*

Pain (11)

    

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

1

  (Adjusted n = 200)

1

4

1

1

  (Adjusted n = 300)

4

6

1

4

Exudate (8)

    

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

0

  (Adjusted n = 200)

2

3

1

2

  (Adjusted n = 300)

2

4

1

2

Odour (6)

    

  (n = 70)

0

1

0

0

  (Adjusted n = 200)

3

3

3

3

  (Adjusted n = 300)

3

4

3

4

Sleep (6)

    

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

1

  (Adjusted n = 200)

2

3

3

3

  (Adjusted n = 300)

3

4

3

3

Malaise (3)

    

  (n = 70)

0

1

0

0

  (Adjusted n = 200)

2

3

1

1

  (Adjusted n = 300)

2

3

1

2

Mobility (11)

    

  (n = 70)

0

1

0

3

  (Adjusted n = 200)

2

3

7

7

  (Adjusted n = 300)

2

4

7

9

Daily activities (9)

    

  (n = 70)

0

1

0

1

  (Adjusted n = 200)

2

3

2

5

  (Adjusted n = 300)

3

4

4

6

Mood (7)

    

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

1

  (Adjusted n = 200)

0

2

2

4

  (Adjusted n = 300)

0

4

3

5

Anxiety (3)

    

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

0

  (Adjusted n = 200)

0

0

0

0

  (Adjusted n = 300)

0

0

0

0

Self-consciousness (7)

   

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

0

  (Adjusted n = 200)

1

4

1

2

  (Adjusted n = 300)

3

4

1

3

Autonomy (3)

    

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

0

  (Adjusted n = 200)

0

0

2

2

  (Adjusted n = 300)

0

0

2

2

Isolation (4)

    

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

1

  (Adjusted n = 200)

1

2

2

3

  (Adjusted n = 300)

2

3

3

3

Participation (9)

    

  (n = 70)

0

0

0

2

  (Adjusted n = 200)

4

8

7

7

  (Adjusted n = 300)

6

8

7

7

  1. *Indicates the number of items with DIF at the specified p value.