Table 3 Increments (positive values) and decrements (negative values) of power (%) for ANCOVA, ANOVA and CSA relative to a nominal power of 80% and conditional upon levels of baseline imbalance and ZY correlation
|  | Z′ T –Z′ C | Treatment effect | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||
ZYcorrelation | ZYcorrelation | ZYcorrelation | |||||||||||||||||
Analysis | Â | 0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
ANCOVA | −1.96 | −1.00 | 5.10 | 13.60 | >19.9 | >19.9 | >19.9 | −1.70 | 4.10 | 14.90 | 18.60 | >19.9 | >19.9 | −1.40 | 1.20 | 10.00 | 16.40 | 19.90 | >19.9 |
|  | −1.64 | −1.00 | 4.50 | 11.90 | 19.90 | >19.9 | >19.9 | −0.90 | 3.80 | 13.90 | 18.40 | >19.9 | >19.9 | –.80 | .70 | 9.50 | 15.80 | 19.90 | >19.9 |
|  | −1.28 | −0.70 | 3.60 | 10.40 | 18.90 | >19.9 | >19.9 | −0.90 | 3.10 | 12.10 | 17.30 | >19.9 | >19.9 | –.10 | .90 | 8.80 | 15.30 | 19.90 | >19.9 |
|  | 0.00 | −0.40 | 0.60 | 2.00 | 10.50 | 17.20 | >19.9 | −0.10 | −0.30 | 4.10 | 9.90 | 17.40 | >19.9 | .00 | −1.30 | 1.20 | 7.60 | 14.10 | >19.9 |
|  | 1.28 | −0.50 | −1.80 | −6.30 | −7.00 | −2.90 | 15.10 | −0.20 | −4.30 | −8.50 | −10.20 | −4.30 | 16.10 | −1.50 | −6.30 | −11.00 | −12.40 | −7.50 | 13.20 |
|  | 1.64 | −0.70 | −2.80 | −11.10 | −14.80 | −15.20 | 3.80 | −0.50 | −6.00 | −12.30 | −16.90 | −15.60 | 5.40 | −2.30 | −7.90 | −17.10 | −21.40 | −20.30 | 4.10 |
|  | 1.96 | −0.70 | −3.70 | −15.40 | −21.20 | −26.50 | −12.90 | −0.80 | −7.30 | −15.30 | −23.70 | −28.00 | −13.30 | −3.60 | −9.90 | −21.00 | −28.30 | −31.90 | −16.30 |
CSA | −1.96 | 11.50 | 14.70 | 17.70 | >19.9 | >19.9 | >19.90 | 10.90 | 17.10 | 19.10 | 19.60 | >19.9 | >19.9 | 12.80 | 13.70 | 16.00 | 19.90 | >19.9 | >19.9 |
|  | −1.64 | 7.70 | 11.40 | 15.80 | >19.9 | >19.9 | >19.90 | 7.30 | 9.70 | 16.80 | 19.00 | >19.9 | >19.9 | 9.40 | 10.60 | 14.20 | 19.80 | 19.90 | >19.9 |
|  | −1.28 | 2.40 | 6.50 | 12.50 | 19.90 | >19.9 | >19.90 | 1.10 | 4.80 | 13.40 | 18.50 | >19.9 | >19.9 | 3.10 | 5.50 | 11.80 | 16.00 | 19.90 | >19.9 |
|  | 0.00 | −26.60 | −22.20 | −11.60 | 2.00 | 15.40 | >19.90 | −27.70 | −23.50 | −13.10 | –.30 | 15.10 | >19.9 | −28.50 | −26.40 | −15.80 | −1.40 | 12.00 | >19.9 |
|  | 1.28 | −60.00 | −58.30 | −52.90 | −44.30 | −26.60 | 10.30 | −59.20 | −57.70 | −52.30 | −45.40 | −28.80 | 12.80 | −58.40 | −57.60 | −54.30 | −46.80 | −30.20 | 11.40 |
|  | 1.64 | −67.20 | −65.30 | −62.60 | −56.50 | −46.90 | −6.10 | −65.70 | −64.50 | −61.00 | −56.00 | −45.50 | −6.00 | −65.40 | −65.20 | −61.80 | −57.30 | −47.10 | −5.60 |
|  | 1.96 | −71.40 | −71.00 | −68.70 | −66.20 | −59.30 | −29.50 | −69.60 | −68.90 | −67.30 | −64.50 | −57.60 | −31.60 | −69.80 | −69.40 | −67.90 | −64.60 | −59.00 | −29.80 |
ANOVA | −1.96 | −0.60 | −0.80 | 0.20 | −1.30 | −0.30 | 0.80 | −0.30 | 0.30 | −0.70 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 1.70 | 1.90 | 2.80 | 2.60 |
|  | −1.64 | −0.60 | −0.80 | 0.20 | −1.30 | −0.30 | 0.80 | −0.30 | 0.30 | −0.70 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 1.70 | 1.90 | 2.80 | 2.60 |
|  | −1.28 | −0.60 | −0.80 | 0.20 | −1.30 | −0.30 | 0.80 | −0.30 | 0.30 | −0.70 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 1.70 | 1.90 | 2.80 | 2.60 |
|  | 0.00 | −0.60 | −0.80 | 0.20 | −1.30 | −0.30 | 0.80 | −0.30 | 0.30 | −0.70 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 1.70 | 1.90 | 2.80 | 2.60 |
|  | 1.28 | −0.60 | −0.80 | 0.20 | −1.30 | −0.30 | 0.80 | −0.30 | 0.30 | −0.70 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 1.70 | 1.90 | 2.80 | 2.60 |
|  | 1.64 | −0.60 | −0.80 | 0.20 | −1.30 | −0.30 | 0.80 | −0.30 | 0.30 | −0.70 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 1.70 | 1.90 | 2.80 | 2.60 |
|  | 1.96 | −0.60 | −0.80 | 0.20 | −1.30 | −0.30 | 0.80 | −0.30 | 0.30 | −0.70 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 1.70 | 1.90 | 2.80 | 2.60 |