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Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of participants and demographic characteristics of carers, by follow-up group

From: The Hawthorne Effect: a randomised, controlled trial

PARTICIPANTS

Characteristic

Minimal group

(n = 88)

Intensive group

(n = 88)

Total sample

(n = 176)

Mean age*

79.2 (6.8)

79.7 (8.4)

79.5 (7.6)

Females, Males††

55, 33 (62.5%)

52, 36 (59.1%)

107, 69 (60.8%)

Ethnicity††

White: 83 (94.3%)

Mixed: 1 (1.1%)

Indian: 2 (2.3%)

Black: 2 (2.3%)

White: 84 (95.5%)

Indian: 1 (1.1%)

Black: 3 (3.4%)

White: 167 (94.9%)

Mixed: 1 (0.6%)

Asian or Asian British: 3 (1.7%)

Black or Black British: 3 (3.4%)

Median years of education†

10.0 (9.0, 14.0)

10.0 (9.0, 13.1)

10.0 (9.0, 13.3)

Number with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia diagnosis††

71, 17 (80.7%)

77, 11 (87.5%)

148, 28 (84.1%)

Evidence of vascular pathology††

40 (45.5%)

46 (52.3%)

86 (48.9%)

Median MMSE score†

22.0 (15.0, 26.0)

23.0 (13.9, 26.0)

22.0 (15.0, 26.0)

Mean ADAS-Cog score*

23.2 (10.2)

22.3 (8.9)

22.7 (9.6)

Median carer-reported duration of dementia in years†

3.0 (1.0, 8.1)

3.0 (1.3, 8.0)

3.0 (1.0, 8.0)

AChI use††

28 (31.8%)

30 (34.1%)

58 (33.0%)

CARERS§

Characteristic

Minimal group

(n = 88)

Intensive group

(n = 88)

Total sample

(n = 176)

Mean age*

63.1 (14.4)

65.2 (12.9)

64.1 (13.7)

Females, Males††

77, 11 (87.5%)

75, 13 (85.2%)

152, 24 (86.4%)

Number who are the partner of the participant††

45 (51.1%)

48 (54.5%)

93 (52.8%)

Number who live-in††

56 (63.6%)

59 (67.0%)

115 (65.3%)

Number who are the informal (unpaid) carer††

83 (94.3%)

86 (97.7%)

169 (96.0%)

  1. * Mean scores are reported with standard deviations.
  2. † Median scores are reported with 10th & 90th percentiles.
  3. †† Numbers reported with percentage of group (e.g. Ginkgo group); or percentage of females or AD sufferers respectively.
  4. § Two participants study carers changed during follow-up. Data is presented for the carer at the end of follow-up.