Table 2 Disaster exposure and health problems three weeks post-disaster among native Dutch respondents and non-respondents at the three waves of the longitudinal study*
From: Selective attrition and bias in a longitudinal health survey among survivors of a disaster
| Â | Respondents at wave 1 only (N = 128) | Respondents at waves 1 & 2 (N = 198) | Respondents at waves 1 & 3 (N = 94) | Respondents at waves 1, 2, 3 (N = 663) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | Â |
Disaster exposure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Relocated | 25.4 (17.9–32.9) | 16.2 (11.1–21.3) | 20.4 (12.2–28.6) | 20.1 (17.1–23.2) | 0.3 |
Injury self | 6.3 (2.1–10.5) | 1.5 (0.0–3.2) | 5.3 (0.7–9.8) | 8.3 (6.2–10.4) | .009 |
Lost a loved one | 6.3 (2.1–10.5) | 4.6 (1.7–7.5) | 4.3 (0.2–8.4) | 6.1 (4.3–7.9) | 0.8 |
Intense anxiety | 59.6 (51.1–68.1) | 53.0 (46.1–60.0) | 47.9 (37.7–58.0) | 60.5 (56.8–64.2) | 0.05 |
Saw frightening things | 24.2 (16.8–31.6) | 19.7 (14.2–25.2) | 28.7 (19.4–37.8) | 24.7 (21.4–28.0) | 0.3 |
Health problems at wave 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Depressive feelings (high) | 59.7 (51.2–68.2) | 44.8 (37.9–51.7) | 50.0 (39.8–60.0) | 45.4 (41.6–49.2) | 0.04 |
Feelings of anxiety (high) | 50.0 (41.3–58.7) | 38.9 (32.1–45.7) | 46.7 (36.5–56.8) | 41.9 (38.1–45.7) | 0.2 |
Intrusion and avoidance (high) | 70.1 (62.2–78.0) | 67.9 (61.4–74.4) | 68.5 (59.0–77.9) | 70.7 (67.2–74.2) | 0.9 |
Physical symptoms (high) | 48.8 (40.1–57.5) | 42.2 (35.5–49.1) | 43.6 (33.5–53.6) | 46.7 (42.9–50.5) | 0.6 |
Sleeping problems (high) | 41.6 (33.1–50.1) | 38.5 (31.7–45.3) | 41.8 (31.7–51.8) | 44.6 (40.8–48.4) | 0.5 |
Poor social functioning | 52.4 (43.8–61.1) | 37.1 (30.4–43.8) | 41.9 (31.8–51.9) | 42.6 (38.8–46.4) | 0.06 |
Physical role limitations | 56.1 (47.5–64.7) | 47.7 (40.7–54.7) | 53.2 (43.0–63.3) | 59.1 (55.4–62.8) | 0.2 |
Emotional role limitations | 72.2 (64.4–80.0) | 61.4 (54.6–68.2) | 69.7 (60.3–79.0) | 78.8 (75.7–81.9) | 0.0001 |
Poor general health | 20.2 (13.3–27.2) | 17.9 (12.6–23.2) | 16.5 (8.9–24.0) | 17.7 (14.8–20.6) | 0.9 |