Table 2 Markers of content-related and writing-related information in guidelines and feedback intended for authors and reviewers
From: Content and communication: How can peer review provide helpful feedback about the writing?
Content-related information | Writing- or language-related information |
Verbs denoting intellectual processes: Interpret, analyze, discuss, assume, claim, synthesize, conclude | Verbs denoting communication processes: Say, write, explain, clarify, mention, mean, claim, argue, maintain, suggest |
Nouns denoting understanding of the content: Interpretation, analysis, discussion, conclusion, assumptions, significance, reasoning, context, evidence, information, data, hypothesis, experimental design | Nouns denoting elements of the text: Word, phrase, sentence, paragraph, section, text, manuscript, article, typo, misspelling, grammar, style, writing, explanation, flow, message, organization, readability, English, writing, language |
Judgments denoting readers' reactions to the content: Uninteresting/Interesting, unoriginal/original, innovative, valid, relevant, intriguing, trivial, superficial | Judgments denoting readers' reactions to the text as a written communication: Hard/Easy to follow, well/poorly written, understandable, unclear/clear, confusing, unconvincing/convincing, well/inadequately documented |