Table 1 Eligibility Criteria for inclusion of original studies in systematic reviews by Baxi and Rosen

Title

Family and carer control programs for reducing children’s exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

Meta-analysis of parental protection of children from tobacco smoke exposure

Objectives, Abstract

“To determine the effectiveness of interventions aiming to reduce exposure of children to ETS.” (p.1)

“to quantify effects of interventions aimed at decreasing child TSE.” (p.698)

Objectives, Text

“To evaluate the effectiveness of programmes for both the prevention and cessation of smoking by those who interact with children, and teachers, and the effect on health outcomes in infants, toddlers and young children; 2) To examine and detail the indicators of intervention processes and to identify outcomes of importance to those involved in the care of children and young people.” (Objectives, p.3-4) Under Types of Interventions, she addressed aims again, with the statement: “We included studies where the primary aim was to reduce children’s exposure to ETS (thereby preventing adverse health outcomes), but where secondary outcomes included reduction or cessation of familial/parental/carer smoking, or changes in infant and child health measures. We also included studies where the primary outcome was reduction or cessation of familial/parental/carer smoking resulting in reduced exposure for children.” (p.4).

“original studies evaluating interventions aimed at protecting children from TSE.” (p.699)

Participants

Parents, caretakers, or educators of children 0-12 years.

Parents of children 0-6 years.

Interventions

No restrictions on type of intervention

No restrictions on type of intervention

Comparisons

Differences between intervention and control groups at end of study, or compared changes in outcomes from beginning to end of study, between intervention and control groups.

Differences between intervention and control groups at end of study, or compared changes in outcomes from beginning to end of study, between intervention and control groups.

Outcomes

Child exposure to ETS via biomarkers and/or parental reports, child illness, child use of health services, parental smoking behavior (including home smoking bans, cessation, change, and initiation), and cost and cost-effectiveness.

Parentally-reported exposure or protection (PREP); parentally-reported number of cigarettes smoked around child (means, standard deviations, n’s required), and biomarkers of child exposure (means, standard deviations, n’s required).

Study design

Controlled trials, with or without randomization.

Controlled trials, with or without randomization.

Time

No restrictions

Minimum 1-month follow-up