From: A virtual experimenter to increase standardization for the investigation of placebo effects
Questionnaire/scale | Construct | Example item |
---|---|---|
Trait questionnaires, answered in online survey before coming to the lab | ||
Pain Related Self Statements inventory (PRSS) | Coping with pain, catastrophizing about pain | “If I stay calm and relax, things will be better.” |
Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ) | Attentional focus on pain | “I am quick to notice changes in location or extent of pain.” |
Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) | Sensitivity to various painful stimuli | “Imagine you trap your finger in a drawer.” |
Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) | Attitudes towards medical profession and pharmaceutics | “Medicines do more harm than good.” |
Beliefs in Expectation Biases | Beliefs to what extent perception is influenced by expectations | “In general, people are likely to experience the mood (good or bad) they expect to experience.” |
International Personality Item Pool Big Five scales (IPIP B5) | Extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, intelligence/imagination | “I feel comfortable around people.” |
Internality, Powerful Others, and Chance scales (IPC) | Attribution of events to personal control, other individuals, chance | “Whether people act according to my wishes depends mainly on myself.” |
Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) | Positive/negative expectation of outcomes = dispositional optimism/pessimism | “I’m always optimistic about my future.” |
State questionnaires, answered during the lab visit | ||
State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) | Acute and general anxiety | “I get in a state of tension or turmoil as I think over my recent concerns and interests.” |
Multidimensional Mood Questionnaire (MDMQ) | Good/bad mood, calmness/nervousness, wakefulness/tiredness | “Right now I feel […] content.” |