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Table 4 Odds ratios for use of health care in Brussels and Wallonia compared to Flanders, after adjustment for differences in age and gender, by source and assessment method, BHIS 2008

From: Regional differences in the validity of self-reported use of health care in Belgium: selection versus reporting bias

 

Register-based use in BCHI sample a (N = 224,903)

Register-based use in BHIS-linked b (N = 8,869)

 

Self-reported use in BHIS-total c (N = 9,651)

 

Contact with …

OR

(95 % CI)

OR

(95 % CI)

P-value interaction d

OR

(95 % CI)

P-value interaction e

GP < 12 m

       

 Flanders

1.00

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

 Brussels

0.41*

(0.39–0.42)

0.45*

(0.37–0.54)

0.21

0.59*

(0.50–0.70)

< 0.001

 Wallonia

0.77*

(0.75–0.79)

0.79*

(0.65–0.95)

0.84

0.85

(0.72–1.01)

0.28

Specialist < 12 m

       

 Flanders

1.00

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

 Brussels

1.08*

(1.05–1.12)

1.33*

(1.15–1.53)

0.01

1.51*

(1.33–1.72)

< 0.001

 Wallonia

1.19*

(1.17–1.22)

1.36*

(1.18–1.57)

0.10

1.26*

(1.11–1.43)

0.46

Dentist < 12 m

       

 Flanders

1.00

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

 Brussels

0.77*

(0.74–0.79)

0.78*

(0.67–0.89)

0.81

0.88

(0.76–1.02)

0.02

 Wallonia

0.72*

(0.70–0.73)

0.70*

(0.61–0.81)

0.79

0.74*

(0.64–0.86)

0.47

Dentist < 6 m

       

 Flanders

1.00

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

 Brussels

0.85*

(0.83–0.88)

0.83*

(0.71–0.96)

0.65

0.91

(0.78–1.05)

0.42

 Wallonia

0.77*

(0.76–0.79)

0.74*

(0.64–0.86)

0.56

0.73*

(0.63–0.85)

0.52

Physio < 12 m

      

 Flanders

1.00

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

 Brussels

0.90*

(0.86–0.94)

0.90

(0.76–1.07)

0.72

1.08

(0.92–1.27)

0.02

 Wallonia

0.97*

(0.94–0.99)

0.86

(0.73–1.02)

0.16

0.92

(0.78–1.08)

0.53

Inpatient hospital < 12 m

       

 Flanders

1.00

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

 Brussels

0.92*

(0.88–0.97)

0.98

(0.80–1.20)

0.56

0.92

(0.76–1.11)

0.94

 Wallonia

1.06

(1.03–1.09)

0.89

(0.73–1.08)

0.08

0.84

(0.70–1.01)

0.01

Day patient hospital < 12 m

      

 Flanders

1.00

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

 Brussels

0.94*

(0.90–0.98)

1.02

(0.86–1.22)

0.45

0.93

(0.74–1.16)

0.74

 Wallonia

0.89*

(0.86–0.91)

0.89

(0.75–1.06)

0.95

0.79*

(0.63–0.99)

0.29

  1. < 12 m: the exact definition differs slightly by source; for the BCHI sample: during the 12 months of 2008; for the BHIS sample: during the 12 months prior to the date of the interview
  2. < 6 m: the exact definition differs slightly by source: for the BCHI sample: during a random period of 6 months in 2008; for the BHIS sample: during the 6 months prior to the date of the interview
  3. * significant difference (p < 0.05)
  4. a BCHI : Belgian compulsory health insurance
  5. b BHIS-linked: Belgian Health Interview Survey Sample for which linkage was possible
  6. c BHIS-total: Total Belgian Health Interview Survey Sample
  7. d Interaction assessing if regional differences in register-based use are significantly different by source
  8. e Interaction assessing if regional differences in self-reported use of health care in BHIS are significantly different from those in register-based use of health care in BCHI sample