From: Selection bias and subject refusal in a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Characteristic | Intervention Sites | Control Sites | Enrolled in Intervention vs. Control | Declined in Intervention vs. Control | genmod model or mixed model | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A: | B: | C: | D: | E: | F: | H: | I: | G: | |
Consented (n = 147) | Declined (n = 89) | P-value between A and B | Consented (n = 150) | Declined (n = 75) | P-value between D and E | P-value between A and D | P-value between B and E | Study group and consent as independent variables | |
Mean Age (±SD) | 63.2 (±9.0) (n = 147) | 65.2 (±8.9) b (n = 86) | 0.099 | 63.8 (±8.0) (n = 150) | 64.1 (±8.6) d (n = 73) | 0.801 | 0.547 | 0.424 | 0.8963 0.1013 |
% Female | 44.2% (65/147) | 37.9% c (33/87) | 0.346 | 53.3% (80/150) | 42.7% (32/75) | 0.131 | 0.116 | 0.540 | 0.1855 0.0338 |
% with uncontrolled diabetes | 61.9% (91/147) | 70.8% (63/89) | 0.165 | 63.3% (95/150) | 46.7% (35/75) | 0.017 | 0.799 | 0.0017 | 0.6786 0.3105 |
Mean A1c | 8.7 (±1.1) (n = 91) | 9.1 (±1.5) (n = 63) | 0.154 | 8.8 (±1.1) (n = 95) | 8.9 (±1.3) (n = 35) | 0.806 | 0.669 | 0.523 | 0.9187 0.1733 |
% with uncontrolled hyperlipidemia | 35.4% (52/147) | 40.5% (36/89) | 0.435 | 48.7% (73/150) | 42.7% (32/75) | 0.395 | 0.020 | 0.774 | 0.1139 0.8094 |
Mean LDL (±SD) | 145.0 (±35.2) (n = 52) | 140.4 (±26.1) (n = 36) | 0.502 | 144.8 (±26.9) (n = 73) | 147.3 (±33.4) (n = 32) | 0.686 | 0.970 | 0.342 | 0.7408 0.7349 |
% with uncontrolled hypertension | 59.9% (88/147) | 52.8% (47/89) | 0.288 | 48.0% (72/150) | 56.0% (42/75) | 0.258 | 0.040 | 0.683 | 0.3855 0.8320 |
Mean Systolic BP (±SD) | 152.1 (±15.9) (n = 88) | 151.8 (±15.5) (n = 47) | 0.918 | 149.0 (±10.7) (n = 72) | 149.6 (±13.6) (n = 42) | 0.818 | 0.146 | 0.470 | 0.3601 0.6283 |
Mean Diastolic BP (±SD) | 83.4 (±11.8) (n = 88) | 79.7 (±12.3) (n = 47) | 0.084 | 84.2 (±11.1) (n = 72) | 86.6 (±13.1) (n = 42) | 0.297 | 0.689 | 0.012 | 0.2396 0.3901 |
% Current Smoker | 29.3% (43/147) | 20.2% (18/89) | 0.125 | 22.7% (34/150) | 25.3% (19/75) | 0.657 | 0.195 | 0.436 | 0.4250 0.0805 |