Skip to main content

Table 1 Descriptions of the six clusters

From: Integrating data from randomized controlled trials and observational studies to predict the response to pregabalin in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy

 

Cluster (N = 1528)a

 

1

2

3

4

5

6

n

343

306

245

195

237

202

Females (%)b

0.0

30.1

29.8

98.5

31.7

43.1

Age (years), mean (SD)

60.4 (8.1)

61.0 (7.7)

62.5 (7.4)

61.2 (7.6)

60.5 (9.0)

61.2 (8.5)

Age group (years), %b

 0–44

2.0

1.6

0.0

0.0

2.5

1.0

 45–64

69.7

63.4

65.3

70.3

65.4

66.3

 65–74

26.0

33.0

29.8

26.7

28.7

27.2

 75+

2.3

2.0

4.9

3.1

3.4

5.5

BMI (mg/m2)c

 Mean (SD)

28.8 (3.4)

30.5 (4.4)

30.0 (4.3)

30.6 (4.8)

30.9 (5.0)

31.3 (5.8)

 Normal (%)

6.4

3.3

6.5

6.7

3.0

6.4

 Overweight (%)

66.8

49.4

50.2

38.0

50.2

39.1

 Obese (%)

26.8

47.4

43.3

55.4

46.8

54.5

Baseline painb

 Mean (SD)

6.3 (1.3)

6.5 (1.4)

6.3 (1.4)

6.5 (1.5)

6.5 (1.3)

7.0 (1.3)

 Pain score (%)

 0–3

1.5

1.0

1.6

2.1

1.3

0.5

 4–5

27.7

21.6

30.6

23.1

20.7

15.4

 6–7

52.5

54.3

47.8

50.8

58.2

46.0

 8–10

18.4

23.2

20.0

24.1

19.8

38.1

Baseline sleep interferenceb

 Mean (SD)

5.4 (2.2)

5.7 (2.2)

5.4 (2.4)

5.6 (2.3)

5.7 (2.1)

6.7 (2.2)

Sleep interference score

 0–3

22.2

16.3

22.0

19.5

14.4

10.9

 4–5

26.5

30.1

26.1

25.6

30.0

15.4

 6–7

33.8

28.4

29.4

33.9

38.4

34.2

 8–10

17.5

25.2

22.5

21.0

17.3

39.6

Cross-correlation between sleep interference and paind

 2 weeks prior based on pain in the current week (lag -2)

0.70

   

0.70

 

 1 week prior based on pain in the current week (lag -1)

0.75

0.70

 

0.76

0.78

 

 Based on pain in the current week (Lag 0)

0.85

0.81

0.77

0.85

0.87

0.81

 1 week after based on pain in the current week (lag +1)

0.71

0.71

 

0.73

0.79

0.72

 2 weeks after based on Pain in the current week (lag +2)

    

0.71

 

Duration of pDPN (years), %c

 0 to ≤5

28.9

21.9

24.4

29.6

22.9

20.8

  > 5 to ≤10

18.7

23.7

20.4

18.5

32.4

21.6

  > 10 to ≤15

28.9

24.4

23.9

25.9

19.1

23.2

  > 15 to ≤20

12.4

13.3

15.4

18.5

12.4

13.6

  > 20 to ≤25

3.6

5.7

6.0

3.1

3.8

4.8

  > 25

7.5

11.1

10.0

4.3

9.5

16.0

 History of depression (%)c

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

18.1

100.0

Prior or current therapy (%)c

 Pregabalin monotherapy

100.0

59.5

0.0

100.0

58.1

40.8

 Gabapentin

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

100.0

0.0

 Insulin

3.2

100.0

18.0

16.9

78.1

57.4

Full of energy at baseline (%)

 Always

1.2

0.7

1.5

0.6

0.0

0.0

 Mostly

8.1

7.9

5.0

3.7

4.8

4.8

 Fairly often

11.1

6.5

11.0

11.7

8.6

8.6

 Sometimes

32.8

30.5

19.9

28.4

30.5

30.5

 Seldom

40.1

40.5

56.7

44.4

39.1

39.1

 Never

6.6

13.3

6.0

10.5

16.2

16.2

Calm and relaxed at baseline (%)

 Always

2.4

2.5

2.0

0.0

2.9

3.2

 Mostly

13.6

15.1

16.4

14.2

12.4

4.8

 Fairly often

18.1

14.7

13.9

17.3

16.2

7.2

 Sometimes

31.9

30.8

27.4

26.5

27.6

17.6

 Seldom

32.5

30.5

37.8

35.8

32.4

50.4

 Never

1.5

5.7

2.5

5.6

8.6

16.8

Sad and discouraged at baseline (%)

 Always

1.2

2.5

3.0

3.1

5.7

9.6

 Mostly

15.1

14.7

13.4

16.1

12.4

42.4

 Fairly often

27.1

29.0

33.3

26.5

26.7

28.8

 Sometimes

32.5

29.1

29.9

23.5

27.6

7.2

 Seldom

18.1

16.9

16.4

25.9

22.9

11.2

 Never

6.0

7.2

3.5

3.7

4.8

0.8

 Responders at 50% threshold at end (%)c

86.0

76.9

70.1

78.1

52.3

59.7

Daily treatment dose (mg)

 75

9.0

14.1

15.5

10.8

16.0

13.4

 150

79.6

74.8

65.3

72.8

56.1

61.9

 300

5.5

5.6

12.2

9.7

14.8

16.8

 600

0.3

1.3

2.9

3.6

11.0

3.5

 Other (30–500 mg, excluding doses above)

5.5

4.3

4.1

3.1

2.1

4.5

  1. Abbreviations: SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, pDPN painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy
  2. aEach cluster analysis was derived from the Ward’s minimum variance technique that grouped patients in such a way that patients in the same group (called a cluster) were more similar to each other than to those in other clusters
  3. bVariables used to create the clusters
  4. cOther variables not used for creating the clusters
  5. dOnly cross-correlations ≥0.70 are shown