Table 3 Values of difficulty parameters used to simulate the data and expected responses at t 0 under each studied scenarios
| Â | Difficulty parameters | |
|---|---|---|
Models | \(\delta _{1}^{ne}=(-1.6,1,1.45)\) | \(\delta _{1}^{fa}=(-2.1,1,2.75)\) |
(r,F,Z 1,U a ) a=1,2 | \(\delta _{2}^{ne}=(-0.8,1.15,1.9)\) | \(\delta _{2}^{fa}=(-1.25,1.4,3.3)\) |
(adjacent,logistic, Z 1,U a ) a=1,2 | Balanced responses | Focus on center categories (1 and 2) |
(cumulative,logistic, Z 1,U a ) a=1,2 | Focus on extreme categories (0,1 and 3) | Balanced responses |