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Table 1 Summary statistics on reporting of visit irregularity, predictors of visit times, and methods of analysis

From: Longitudinal studies that use data collected as part of usual care risk reporting biased results: a systematic review

Outcomes of Interest

N (out of 44)

%

Study design

 Prospective

10

23

 Retrospective

31

70

 Unclear

3

7

Clearly defined end of study

 Yes

34

77

 No

10

23

Comparison of those with and without full follow-up among studies with a clearly defined end of follow-up

(out of 34)

 

 Yes

5

15

 No

24

71

 Not Applicable (all participants had full follow-up)

5

15

Method of analysis

 Linear or logistic regression

8

18

 Gaussian process regression

1

2

 Repeated measures

11

25

 Mixed model or generalized mixed model

20

45

 GEE

3

7

 IIW-GEE

1

2

Reported summary statistics on

 Number of visits per patient

25

57

 Gaps between visits per patient

3

7

 Follow-up time per patient

25

57

Predictors of visit time assessed

 Yes

2

5

 No

41

93

 Unclear

1

2

Was there a need to account for informative visit times?

 Yes

6

14

of which

 Analysis specifically designed to check for informativeness

1 (out of 6)

18

 Informativeness inferred by reviewers

5 (out of 6)

82

Unclear

38

86

Method used to account for informative visit times for studies with sufficient reporting of an identifiable need

(out of 6)

 

 Yes

1

19

 No

5

81