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Table 5 Slope coefficients and SE from mixed effects substantive model (random intercepts and slopes) with memory cognitive score outcome and 5% of participants with informative attrition

From: Does pattern mixture modelling reduce bias due to informative attrition compared to fitting a mixed effects model to the available cases or data imputed using multiple imputation?: a simulation study

 

Observed in Whitehall II study

Full simulated data

Estimation method

Estimation method

Available case

MI

PMM

Available case

MI

PMM

Imputea smoking

Imputea education

Coefficient (SE)

 Reference

− 0.2492

− 0.2508 (0.0356)

− 0.2320 (0.0507)

− 0.2290 (0.0487)

−0.2439 (0.0486)

− 0.2331 (0.0491)

− 0.1583 (0.0413)

− 0.1765 (0.0414)

Smoking status

 Ex-smoker

−0.2978

−0.2989 (0.0361)

−0.2792 (0.0513)

− 0.2798 (0.0489)

−0.3104 (0.0489)

− 0.2799 (0.0496)

−0.2055 (0.0414)

− 0.2246 (0.0415)

 Current smoker

−0.2698

−0.2718 (0.0418)

−0.2459 (0.0581)

− 0.2202 (0.0543)

−0.2564 (0.0544)

− 0.2444 (0.0574)

−0.1724 (0.0474)

− 0.2008 (0.0473)

Age Category (year)

 50 and < 55

−0.3059

−0.3064 (0.0347)

−0.2821 (0.0493)

− 0.2776 (0.0476)

−0.2980 (0.0477)

− 0.2829 (0.0472)

−0.2099 (0.0401)

− 0.2343 (0.0401)

 55 and < 60

−0.3405

−0.3414 (0.0357)

−0.3076 (0.0511)

− 0.3003 (0.0492)

−0.3316 (0.0492)

− 0.3085 (0.0489)

−0.2338 (0.0411)

− 0.2687 (0.0410)

 60 and < 65

−0.3967

−0.3978 (0.0360)

−0.3486 (0.0553)

− 0.3302 (0.0523)

−0.3831 (0.0526)

− 0.3508 (0.0527)

−0.2661 (0.0456)

− 0.3218 (0.0457)

 65

−0.3318

−0.3327 (0.0410)

−0.2803 (0.1437)

− 0.2400 (0.1081)

−0.2561 (0.1078)

− 0.2764 (0.1481)

−0.1795 (0.1132)

− 0.2037 (0.1135)

Employment grade

 Intermediate

-0.1616

− 0.1638 (0.0335)

− 0.1388 (0.0479)

− 0.1342(0.0465)

− 0.1577 (0.0463)

− 0.1390 (0.0462)

− 0.0746 (0.0389)

− 0.1027 (0.0393)

 Low

−0.2059

− 0.2080 (0.0484)

− 0.1703 (0.0695)

− 0.1656 (0.0664)

− 0.2031 (0.0659)

− 0.1736 (0.0662)

− 0.1182 (0.0611)

− 0.1602 (0.0617)

Education

 School

−0.2413

− 0.2414 (0.0206)

− 0.2317 (0.0249)

− 0.2298 (0.0238)

− 0.2368 (0.0238)

− 0.2321 (0.0253)

− 0.2116 (0.0233)

− 0.2245 (0.0233)

 University

− 0.2533

− 0.2540 (0.0178)

− 0.2480 (0.0212)

− 0.2482 (0.0203)

− 0.2517 (0.0204)

− 0.2480 (0.0211)

− 0.2558 (0.0200)

− 0.2657 (0.0201)

  1. MI multiple imputation, PMM pattern mixture modelling
  2. aMissing memory cognitive function scores also imputed