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Table 1 Characteristics of 12 randomised controlled trials of vitamin D supplements in populations with mean/median 25OHD < 25 nmol/L and clinical endpoints reported in abstract

From: Assessment of research waste part 2: wrong study populations- an exemplar of baseline vitamin D status of participants in trials of vitamin D supplementation

Study

Clinical endpoint

Endpoint type

Study Size (N)

25OHD Assay

Mean/Median 25OHD (SD) (nmol/L)a

Result of Trialb

Brooke 1980 [44]

Newborn outcomes

Secondary

126

CBP

11 (1)

Benefit

Chapuy 1994 [21]

Fracture

Primary

3270

CBP

20 (14)

Benefit

Pfeifer 2000 [45]

Risk of fall

Secondary

148

Nicholls

19 (10)

Neutral

Chapuy 2002 [46]

Fracture

Secondary

583

Incstar

22 (16)

Neutral

Bischoff 2003 [47]

Risk of fall

Primary

122

Nicholls

23 (N/A)

Neutral

Martineau 2011 [48]

Tuberculosis sputum culture conversion

Primary

126

LCMS/MS

21 (20)

Neutral

Mosayebi 2011 [49]

Multiple sclerosis disability score

Primary

59

IDS

25 (7)

Neutral

Amestejani 2012 [50]

Atopic dermatitis

Primary

60

Biosource

24 (5)

Benefit

Schreuder 2012 [51]

Pain

Primary

84

Diasorin

20 (10)

Neutral

Mozaffari-Khosravi 2013 [52]

Depression score

Primary

120

IDS

23 (N/A)

Benefit

Hossain 2014 [53]

Pregnancy outcomes

Primary

200

Immunoassay

13 (N/A)

Neutral

Bhan 2015 [54]

All-cause mortality

Secondary

105

LCMS/MS

22 (7)

Neutral

  1. aAdjusted for assay- see text for details
  2. bBased on intention-to-treat analysis of all randomized participants for relevant endpoint. Assessed independently by two authors (MB, AG)
  3. Studies are listed in Additional file 1: Table S3 and the Additional file 1: Reference list
  4. Abbreviations: 25OHD 25-hydroxyvitamin D, SD standard deviation, N/A not available. CBP competitive binding protein; LCMS/MS- liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry