Table 1 Maternal and pregnancy characteristics of women giving birth in New South Wales hospitals, 2005–2015, for those with and without obstetric transfusion and by year
Obstetric transfusion | No obstetric transfusion | 2005–06 | 2014–15 | Trend testb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (per 1000 births) | Prevalencec (per 1000 births) | p | |||||
Total | N = 14,275 | N = 921,384 | N = 88,707 | N = 92,875 | |||
Pre-pregnancy risk factors | Maternal age | ||||||
< 20 years | 740 (51.8) | 30,356 (32.9) | 38.2 | 26.7 | < 0.0001 | ||
20–24 years | 2221 (155.6) | 122,355 (132.8) | 142.8 | 125.0 | < 0.0001 | ||
25–29 years | 3751 (262.8) | 249,994 (271.3) | 270.6 | 272.5 | 0.001 | ||
30–34 years | 4256 (298.1) | 305,705 (331.8) | 337.8 | 347.0 | < 0.0001 | ||
35–39 years | 2562 (179.5) | 174,513 (189.4) | 175.0 | 184.4 | 0.57 | ||
40+ years | 745 (52.2) | 38,461 (41.7) | 35.7 | 44.4 | < 0.0001 | ||
Smoker | 1919 (134.4) | 105,603 (114.6) | 138.2 | 93.4 | < 0.0001 | ||
Parity | |||||||
1st | 7417 (519.6) | 394,021 (427.6) | 415.4 | 438.9 | < 0.0001 | ||
2nd | 3520 (246.6) | 309,134 (335.5) | 334.5 | 340.6 | 0.88 | ||
3rd | 1763 (123.5) | 136,140 (147.8) | 155.6 | 139.0 | < 0.0001 | ||
4th | 791 (55.4) | 48,837 (53.0) | 57.1 | 48.2 | < 0.0001 | ||
5+ | 784 (54.9) | 33,252 (36.1) | 37.3 | 33.4 | < 0.0001 | ||
Multiple birth | 658 (46.1) | 13,214 (14.3) | 16.0 | 14.6 | 0.0047 | ||
Australian born | 9231 (646.7) | 621,316 (674.3) | 719.8 | 635.6 | < 0.0001 | ||
Assisted reproductive technology | 571 (40.0) | 24,078 (26.1) | 20.9 | 28.2 | < 0.0001 | ||
Previous obstetric transfusion | 491 (34.4) | 7346 (8.0) | 4.4 | 11.5 | < 0.0001 | ||
Previous PPH | 1349 (94.5) | 45,633 (49.5) | 31.9 | 64.0 | < 0.0001 | ||
Previous caesarean or uterine scar | 2185 (153.1) | 145,638 (158.1) | 143.7 | 165.2 | < 0.0001 | ||
Pregestational diabetes | 105 (5.5) | 5040 (5.5) | 5.1 | 7.5 | < 0.0001 | ||
Pregestational hypertension | 242 (11.1) | 10,191 (11.1) | 12.5 | 10.8 | 0.01 | ||
Any chronic conditiona | 847 (59.3) | 22,005 (23.9) | 34.7 | 26.4 | < 0.0001 | ||
Blood/platelet disorder | 1642 (115.0) | 9118 (9.9) | 12.5 | 13.5 | 0.078 | ||
Morbid obesity | 157 (11.0) | 5148 (5.6) | 2.5 | 9.5 | < 0.0001 | ||
Private hospital/insurance | 3033 (212.5) | 307,650 (333.9) | 326.3 | 323.6 | < 0.0001 | ||
Quintile of socioeconomic status | |||||||
Lowest quintile | 3448 (241.5) | 193,810 (210.3) | 218.4 | 209.3 | < 0.0001 | ||
Second quintile | 3246 (227.4) | 184,444 (200.2) | 199.5 | 208.2 | < 0.0001 | ||
Middle quintile | 2907 (203.6) | 177,755 (192.9) | 190.8 | 195.4 | 0.0001 | ||
Fourth quintile | 2528 (177.1) | 177,314 (192.4) | 186.2 | 195.9 | < 0.0001 | ||
Highest quintile | 1987 (139.2) | 178,375 (193.6) | 196.0 | 183.9 | < 0.0001 | ||
Area of residence unknown | 159 (11.1) | 9686 (10.5) | 9.0 | 7.2 | < 0.0001 | ||
Pregnancy and birth risk factors | Anaemia in pregnancy | 197 (13.8) | 2949 (3.2) | 1.9 | 8.0 | < 0.0001 | |
Antepartum haemorrhage | 727 (50.9) | 21,823 (23.7) | 24.0 | 26.7 | < 0.0001 | ||
Postpartum haemorrhage | 10,947 (766.9) | 70,633 (76.7) | 73.8 | 111.6 | < 0.0001 | ||
Placenta praevia | 1076 (75.4) | 9277 (10.1) | 10.0 | 11.1 | 0.13 | ||
Placental abruption | 545 (38.2) | 4143 (4.5) | 4.8 | 5.5 | 0.0073 | ||
Morbidly adherent placenta | 724 (50.7) | 1675 (1.8) | 2.3 | 3.1 | 0.0498 | ||
Retained placental tissue | 105 (7.4) | 4316 (4.7) | 5.7 | 3.3 | < 0.0001 | ||
Uterine rupture | 129 (9.0) | 345 (0.4) | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.18 | ||
Uterine fibroid | 79 (5.5) | 1302 (1.4) | 2.8 | 1.2 | < 0.0001 | ||
Pregnancy diabetes | 1097 (76.8) | 62,109 (67.4) | 48.6 | 119.4 | < 0.0001 | ||
Pregnancy hypertension | 2051 (143.7) | 72,579 (78.8) | 85.8 | 79.1 | < 0.0001 | ||
Gestational age | |||||||
20–32 weeks | 835 (58.5) | 13,687 (14.9) | 15.3 | 16.3 | 0.68 | ||
33–36 weeks | 1404 (98.4) | 47,079 (51.1) | 49.5 | 54.7 | < 0.0001 | ||
37–41 weeks | 11,874 (831.8) | 853,244 (926.0) | 917.8 | 925.2 | < 0.0001 | ||
42+ weeks | 162 (11.3) | 7374 (8.0) | 17.4 | 3.8 | < 0.0001 | ||
Large for gestational age | 2150 (849.4) | 92,783 (100.7) | 97.1 | 97.3 | < 0.0001 | ||
Mode of birth | |||||||
Normal vaginal delivery | 6115 (428.4) | 536,899 (582.7) | 609.3 | 562.0 | < 0.0001 | ||
Forceps | 1457 (102.1) | 35,638 (38.7) | 31.6 | 47.5 | < 0.0001 | ||
Vacuum | 1394 (97.7) | 65,074 (70.6) | 69.7 | 65.5 | < 0.0001 | ||
Vaginal breech | 110 (7.7) | 3338 (3.6) | 3.6 | 3.8 | 0.83 | ||
Caesarean with labour | 2540 (177.9) | 115,015 (124.8) | 116.9 | 126.4 | < 0.0001 | ||
Caesarean without labour | 2659 (186.3) | 165,420 (179.5) | 168.8 | 194.7 | < 0.0001 | ||
Onset of labour | |||||||
Spontaneous | 6752 (473.0) | 508,947 (552.4) | 580.7 | 505.3 | < 0.0001 | ||
Induced | 4864 (340.7) | 247,007 (268.1) | 250.5 | 300.0 | < 0.0001 | ||
No labour | 2659 (186.3) | 165,430 (179.5) | 168.8 | 194.7 | < 0.0001 | ||
3rd/4th degree perineal tear | 969 (67.9) | 18,820 (20.4) | 18.3 | 23.8 | < 0.0001 | ||
Episiotomy | 2950 (206.7) | 115,758 (125.6) | 115.0 | 142.6 | < 0.0001 | ||
Cervical laceration | 248 (17.4) | 554 (0.6) | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.0013 | ||