PRISMA univariable analysis | PRISMA covariance analysis | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Category/unit | Mean Diff. | 95% CI | P value | Mean Diff. | 95% CI | P value |
Publication time | Before PRISMA | Reference | Reference | ||||
After PRISMA | 3.72 | 1.59, 5.85 | < 0.01 | 1.65 | 0.19, 3.10 | 0.03 | |
Type of article | Systematic reviews only | Reference | Reference | ||||
Meta-analyses only | 1.93 | −1.55, 5.42 | 0.19 | 1.71 | −0.78, 4.20 | 0.18 | |
Systematic reviews including meta-analyses | 5.00 | 2.97, 7.03 | < 0.01 | 2.57 | 1.02, 4.13 | < 0.01 | |
Origin region of first author | Asia | Reference | Reference | ||||
Europe | −0.23 | - 2.82, 2.37 | 0.86 | 0.93 | −0.91, 2.76 | 0.32 | |
U.S.A/Canada | −2.55 | − 5.86, 0.76 | 0.13 | 0.67 | − 1.48,1.97 | 0.76 | |
Australia | − 2.21 | −5.94, 1.52 | 0.24 | 0.07 | −2.70, 2.57 | 0.96 | |
Number of authors | 1~ 4 | Reference | Reference | ||||
> 4 | 3.83 | 2.04, 5.62 | < 0.01 | 1.15 | −0.33, 2.53 | 0.13 | |
International collaborative authorship | No | Reference | Reference | ||||
Yes | 0.85 | −1.84, 3.51 | 0.54 | −1.16 | − 2.80, 0.47 | 0.16 | |
Number of affiliations of author | 1~ 3 | Reference | Reference | ||||
> 3 | 2.47 | 0.43, 4.52 | 0.02 | −0.18 | −1.59, 1.22 | 0.79 | |
Affiliation of first author | University | Reference | Reference | ||||
Hospital | −1.16 | − 4.52, 2.20 | 0.49 | − 0.86 | −1.19, 2.92 | 0.40 | |
Institute | −2.45 | - 5.11, 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.38 | −1.33, 2.09 | 0.66 | |
journal type of published article | Nursing Journal | Reference | Reference | ||||
Non Nursing Journal | 2.58 | 0.44, 4.72 | 0.02 | 0.30 | −1.14, 1.73 | 0.68 | |
Number of included studies | < 10 | Reference | Reference | ||||
≥10 | −0.74 | − 2.186, 1.38 | 0.49 | − 1.06 | −2.32, 0.19 | 0.10 | |
RCT identified | Non-RCT | Reference | Reference | ||||
Only RCT | 3.19 | 1.31, 5.06 | < 0.01 | −0.16 | −1.73, 1.41 | 0.84 | |
Can’t answer | −4.59 | −7.22, − 1.95 | < 0.01 | −2.19 | −4.20, − 0.18 | 0.03 | |
Followed PRSIMA guideline | No | Reference | Reference | ||||
Yes | 2.91 | 0.89, 4.93 | < 0.01 | 1.22 | −0.18 2.63 | 0.09 | |
Protocol or Registration | No | Reference | Reference | ||||
Yes | 5.03 | 3.18, 6.88 | < 0.01 | 2.75 | 1.38, 4.12 | < 0.01 | |
Journal source of SCI | No | Reference | Reference | ||||
Yes | 7.44 | 3.89, 11.00 | < 0.01 | 3.76 | 1.34, 6.18 | < 0.01 | |
Manuscript length (no. of pages) | 1~ 13 | Reference | Reference | ||||
> 13 | 2.68 | 0.83, 4.52 | < 0.01 | 1.63 | 0.42, 2.84 | < 0.01 | |
Funding support | No | Reference | Reference | ||||
Yes | 3.49 | 1.69, 5.29 | < 0.01 | 2.41 | 1.22, 3.60 | < 0.01 |