Table 5 Age-, gender- and social-class-related BSI-18 differences

 60–64 (N = 192)

1.97 ± 2.78

1.98 ± 3.12

1.74 ± 2.96

5.70 ± 8.01

 65–69 (N = 221)

1.89 ± 2.65

1.56 ± 2.90

1.40 ± 2.47

4.85 ± 7.15

 70–74 (N = 219)

2.25 ± 2.98

1.98 ± 3.25

1.31 ± 2.36

5.54 ± 7.71

 75–79 (N = 133)

2.53 ± 3.15

2.70 ± 3.86

1.71 ± 2.92

6.93 ± 8.65

  ≥ 80 (N = 119)

3.89 ± 3.75

2.43 ± 3.84

1.82 ± 3.14

8.14 ± 9.38

 F, df, p-value, effect size

F = 10.03, p < .0001, η² = .04

F = 2.89, p < .02, η² = .01

F = 1.24, p < .29

F = 3.94, p < .004, η² = .02

 Male (N = 402)

2.34 ± 2.99

1.78 ± 3.22

1.42 ± 2.72

5.54 ± 7.90

 Female (N = 482)

2.38 ± 3.13

2.27 ± 3.42

1.66 ± 2.73

6.31 ± 8.23

 Sum (N = 884)

2.36 ± 3.07

2.04 ± 3.34

1.55 ± 2.72

5.96 ± 8.08

 t, p-value

t = −0.20

t = −2.18, p < .03

t = −1.29, p <,20

t = −1.41, p < .16

 Lower class (N = 427)

2.80 ± 3.38

2.52 ± 3.73

1.83 ± 3.10

7.15 ± 9.06

 Middle class (N = 336)

2.04 ± 2.76

1.69 ± 3.03

1.37 ± 2.46

5.09 ± 7.34

 Upper class (N = 121)

1.72 ± 2.46

1.36 ± 2.35

1.11 ± 1.71

4.18 ± 5.35

 F, p-value, effect size

F = 9.15, p < .0001, η² = .02

F = 8.98, p < .0001, η² = .02

F = 4.64, p < .01, η² = .01

F = 9.71, p < .0001, η² = .02