Table 1 Summary of characteristics of articles
Variable | Level | Number of articles |
|---|---|---|
Type of article (n) | Results of primary analysis of clinical trial | 228 (97.4%) |
Design / protocol of clinical trial | 3 (1.3%) | |
Results of secondary analysis of clinical trial | 3 (1.3%) | |
Year (n) | 2000–2004 | 47 (20.0%) |
2005–2009 | 85 (36.3%) | |
2010–2015 | 102 (43.6%) | |
Country of origin (n) | USA | 101 (43.2%) |
UK | 39 (16.7%) | |
Netherlands | 19 (8.1%) | |
Canada | 14 (6.0%) | |
Australia | 11 (4.7%) | |
Other | 50 (21.4%) | |
Target population (n) | Adult patients | 172 (73.5%) |
Children / adolescent patients | 45 (19.2%) | |
People at risk | 5 (2.1%) | |
Workers | 12 (5.1%) | |
Target condition (n) | Depression | 30 (28.6%) |
Substance abuse | 18 (17.1%) | |
Psychosis | 14 (13.3%) | |
Neurodegeneration | 13 (12.4%) | |
Anxiety | 6 (5.7%) | |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | 5 (4.8%) | |
Others | 19 (18.1%) | |
Intervention (n) | Cognitive behavioural therapy / CBT skills | 33 (14.1%) |
Care management / interdisciplinary care | 26 (11.1%) | |
Education | 21 (9.0%) | |
Motivational interviewing / motivational enhancement therapy | 19 (8.1%) | |
Other psychotherapy / counselling | 16 (6.8%) | |
Assessment and feedback | 8 (3.4%) | |
Parenting interventions | 8 (3.4%) | |
Others | 103 (44.0%) | |
Phase (n) | Early (pilot and feasibility trials) | 29 (12.4%) |
Late | 205 (87.6%) | |
Level of treatment allocation (n) | Participant level | 141 (60.3%) |
Cluster level | 93 (39.7%) | |
Sample size (median; IQR) | Participant-level allocation | 143 (84–261) |
Cluster-level allocation | 285 (158–579) | |
Cluster size in cRCTs (median; range) |  | 10 (3–200) |