|
Subjects’ characteristics
|
Participants
|
Non-participants
|
p value
|
|---|
|
N = 660
|
N = 549
|
|---|
|
Age, year
|
44.02 ± 11.9
|
45.79 ± 13.9
|
0.019
|
|
Sex, Men %
|
335 (50.8%)
|
255 (46.4%)
|
0.13
|
|
District, %
| | |
0.38
|
|
Luxembourg
|
465 (70.6%)
|
401 (73.0%)
| |
|
Diekirch
|
102 (15.5%)
|
86 (15.7%)
| |
|
Grevenmacher
|
92 (14.0%)
|
62 (11.3%)
| |
|
Education level,%
| | |
< 0.0001
|
|
No diploma
|
110 (16.8%)
|
188 (34.6%)
| |
|
Secondary level
|
326 (49.8%)
|
261 (48.0%)
| |
|
University level
|
218 (33.3%)
|
95 (17.5%)
| |
|
Marital status, %
| | |
0.08
|
|
Married
|
490 (74.4%)
|
374 (68.1%)
| |
|
Single
|
105 (15.9%)
|
107 (19.5%)
| |
|
Divorced
|
52 (7.9%)
|
50 (9.1%)
| |
|
Widowed
|
12 (1.8%)
|
18 (3.3%)
| |
|
Country of birth,%
| | |
0.01
|
|
Luxembourg
|
408 (61.9%)
|
350 (63.8%)
| |
|
Portugal
|
64 (9.7%)
|
78 (14.2%)
| |
|
Other European country
|
152 (23.1%)
|
93 (16.9%)
| |
|
Non-European country
|
35 (5.3%)
|
28 (5.1%)
| |
|
Physical activity, %
| | |
0.3
|
|
Inactive
|
101 (16.0%)
|
101 (19.4%)
| |
|
Moderately active
|
179 (28.3%)
|
147 (28.2%)
| |
|
Active
|
352 (55.7%)
|
273 (52.4%)
| |
|
Self-reported health perception, %
| | |
< 0.0001
|
|
Very good
|
70 (10.8%)
|
37 (6.9%)
| |
|
Good
|
385 (59.5%)
|
275 (51.3%)
| |
|
Average
|
169 (26.1%)
|
204 (38.1%)
| |
|
Bad
|
19 (2.9%)
|
18 (3.4%)
| |
|
Very bad
|
4 (0.6%)
|
2 (0.4%)
| |
|
Cardiometabolic risk profile
|
|
Smokers,%
|
113 (17.1%)
|
120 (21.9%)
|
0.04
|
|
Diabetes, %
|
19 (2.9%)
|
33 (6.2%)
|
0.007
|
|
Serum glucose, mg/ml
|
93.4 ± 14.3
|
96.6 ± 20.5
|
0.01
|
|
Hypertension,%
|
234 (35.5%)
|
255 (46.5%)
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Blood pressure, mmHg
|
|
SBP
|
128.4 ± 16.0
|
132.3 ± 18.8
|
0.001
|
|
DBP
|
82.2 ± 10.8
|
83.4 ± 11.2
|
0.04
|
|
BMI, kg/m2
|
25.9 ± 4.6
|
27.4 ± 5.2
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Obesity, %
|
122 (18.5%)
|
155 (28.3%)
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Serum cholesterol, mg/dl
|
122.5 ± 32.4
|
128.3 ± 36.9
|
0.02
|
|
Dyslipidaemia, %
|
464 (70.8%)
|
415 (76.9%)
|
0.02
|
|
Medication intake, %
|
|
Anti-diabetic
|
12 (1.8%)
|
22 (4.0%)
|
0.02
|
|
Anti-hypertensive
|
78 (11.8%)
|
94 (17.1%)
|
0.009
|
|
Energy intake, Kcal/day
|
2409.1 ± 919.4
|
2442.1 ± 958.1
|
0.58
|
- Results are presented n (%) for qualitative variables and mean ± SD for quantitative variables
- p Value from X 2 test and One way ANOVA for qualitative and quantitative outcomes respectively
- BMI: Body Mass Index
