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Table 3 Association between the GALI and ADL/IADL difficulties in TLSA (2015), Taiwan

From: Validation of the global activity limitation indicator in Taiwan

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Age

1.05

(1.04–1.06)

1.05

(1.04–1.06)

1.05

(1.04–1.06)

Sex

0.87

(0.75–1.01)

0.92

(0.78–1.07)

1.00

(0.85–1.17)

Education

  

1.39

(1.14–1.69)

1.35

(1.11–1.65)

ADL (1+ vs 0)

35.89

(21.10–61.03)

35.09

(20.52–60.00)

26.61

(15.49–45.70)

CES-D

    

4.53

(3.51–5.86)

Age

1.02

(1.01–1.03)

1.01

(1.00–1.02)

1.02

(1.00–1.03)

Sex

1.06

(0.90–1.25)

1.11

(0.94–1.32)

1.18

(1.00–1.39)

Education

  

1.43

(1.16–1.75)

1.40

(1.14–1.71)

IADL (1+ vs 0)

13.37

(10.09–17.71)

13.29

(10.03–17.61)

10.92

(8.17–14.60)

CES-D

    

3.46

(2.58–4.64)

  1. Model 1 adjusted for age and sex (male/female)
  2. Model 2 adjusted for age, sex (male/female) and education level (elementary school or less vs. junior high school or above)
  3. Model 3 adjusted for age, sex (male/female), education level (elementary school or less vs. junior high school or above) and CES-D groups (low vs. high depressive symptoms)
  4. GALI, Global Activity Limitation Indicator; ADL, activities of daily living; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; TLSA, Taiwan Longitudinal Survey on Aging