| N = 116 |
---|---|
Study definition provided in at least title, abstract or main paper | 74 (64) |
 Title, abstract, and main paper | 9 (12) |
 Abstract and main paper | 16 (22) |
 Title and main paper | 17 (23) |
 Title and abstract | 1 (1) |
 Title | 5 (7) |
 Abstract | 7 (9) |
 Main paper | 19 (26) |
Country of study | |
 USA | 39 (34) |
 UK | 18 (16) |
 Asia | 18 (16) |
 Europe | 14 (12) |
 Canada | 11 (9) |
 Australia | 7 (6) |
 Africa | 6 (5) |
 Middle East | 2 (2) |
 Panama | 1 (1) |
Type of intervention | |
 Programs (e.g. multifaceted) | 41 (35) |
 Policy (e.g. regulatory) | 32 (28) |
 Health systems | 25 (22) |
 Guidelines | 19 (16) |
 Financial | 19 (16) |
 Behavioural | 15 (13) |
 Sales and dispensing | 1 (1) |
Level of intervention | |
 Hospital | 73 (63) |
 Hospital department | 22 (19) |
 Individual | 17 (15) |
 GP practices | 3 (3) |
 Pharmacy | 1 (1) |
Participants | |
 Health professional | 92 (79) |
 Disease | 30 (26) |
 Occupational | 3 (3) |
 Population | 1 (1) |
Data source | |
 Hospital data | 64 (55) |
 Health records | 27 (23) |
 National data | 26 (22) |
 Insurance data | 11 (9) |
 Other | 3 (3) |
Type of outcome | |
 Continuous | 66 (57) |
 Rate | 38 (33) |
 Binary | 11 (9) |
 Count | 1 (1) |
Frequency | |
 Monthly | 74 (64) |
 Quarterly | 23 (20) |
 Yearly | 14 (12) |
 Weekly | 2 (2) |
 Othera | 3 (3) |
Number of data points - median (25th,75th centile) | |
 Pre-intervention | 18 (12–32) |
 Post-intervention | 19 (12–34) |
 Ratio of pre/ post-intervention data points | 1 (1–2) |
 Transition period (n = 20) | 3 (1–9) |
 Other data points that were accounted for (n = 3) | 2 (2–8) |