Total wave 2 N = 141 | New participants N = 18 | Wave 1 & 2 N = 123 | p-value* | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N/m | %/sd | N/m | %/sd | N/m | %/sd | ||
Socio-demographics | |||||||
Female Gender | 82 | 58.2 | 8 | 44.4 | 75 | 61.0 | 0.183 |
Age at time of the attack: | |||||||
mean, sd | 42.9 | 12.9 | 39.1 | 12.0 | 43.5 | 12.9 | 0.205 |
min-max | 21–79 | 21–60 | 23–79 | ||||
Educational Level < high-school diploma | 41 | 29.3 | 8 | 44.4 | 33 | 27.0 | 0.130 |
Unemployed at Wave 2 | 37 | 26.2 | 5 | 27.8 | 32 | 26.0 | 0.999 |
Living alone at Wave 2 | 46 | 32.6 | 7 | 38.9 | 39 | 31.7 | 0.594 |
Non-French origin | 8 | 5.7 | 3 | 16.7 | 5 | 4.1 | 0.065 |
Terror exposure | |||||||
Event location outside of Paris (vs Paris) | 39 | 27.7 | 8 | 44.4 | 31 | 25.2 | 0.088 |
Geographic exposure: | |||||||
Less than 10 m | 20 | 14.2 | 6 | 33.3 | 14 | 11.4 | NA |
Very close, next room | 46 | 32.6 | 5 | 27.8 | 41 | 33.3 | |
Neighbouring building | 62 | 44.0 | 7 | 38.9 | 55 | 44.7 | |
Elsewhere | 13 | 9.2 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 10.6 | |
Objective exposure: | |||||||
Directly threatened | 44 | 31.2 | 8 | 44.4 | 36 | 29.3 | NA |
Indirectly threatened | 60 | 42.6 | 5 | 27.8 | 55 | 44.7 | |
Close relative of victims | 11 | 7.8 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 8.9 | |
Witness | 26 | 18.4 | 5 | 27.8 | 21 | 17.1 | |
Perceived terror exposure (mean 0–10) | 6.3 | 2.9 | 5.9 | 2.7 | 6.4 | 3.0 | 0.378 |
Sheehan disability scale in Wave 2 | |||||||
Work (impact ≥4) | 69 | 48.9 | 7 | 38.9 | 62 | 50.4 | 0.452 |
Social life (impact ≥4) | 67 | 47.5 | 8 | 44.4 | 59 | 48.0 | 0.806 |
Family life, home responsibilities (impact ≥4) | 53 | 37.6 | 6 | 33.3 | 47 | 38.2 | 0.798 |
Medical/psychological support | |||||||
No regular psychological support or follow-up since the event | 60 | 42.6 | 13 | 72.2 | 47 | 38.2 | 0.010 |
Dissatisfaction with psychological support from professionals since the events | 56 | 40.0 | 8 | 47.1 | 48 | 39.0 | 0.526 |
Social support | |||||||
Feeling alone in 2015 | 28 | 19.9 | 8 | 44.4 | 20 | 16.3 | 0.005 |
Feeling alone in 2016 | 34 | 24.1 | 7 | 38.9 | 27 | 22.0 | 0.117 |
No perceived moral/emotional support in 2015 | 5 | 3.5 | 4 | 22.2 | 1 | 0.8 | 0.001 |
No perceived moral/emotional support in 2016 | 6 | 4.3 | 2 | 11.1 | 4 | 3.3 | 0.169 |
No perceived financial/material support in 2015 | 30 | 21.3 | 4 | 22.2 | 26 | 21.1 | 0.999 |
No perceived financial/material support in 2016 | 28 | 19.9 | 4 | 22.2 | 24 | 19.5 | 0.757 |
No perceived support in everyday life 2015 | 18 | 12.8 | 4 | 22.2 | 14 | 11.4 | 0.249 |
No perceived support in everyday life 2016 | 17 | 12.1 | 3 | 16.7 | 14 | 11.4 | 0.457 |
Physical and psychological health | |||||||
Deterioration of general health state | 27 | 19.1 | 3 | 16.7 | 24 | 19.5 | 0.999 |
Deterioration of psychological health state | 28 | 19.9 | 2 | 11.1 | 26 | 21.1 | 0.527 |
Having at least one health problem | 135 | 95.7 | 17 | 94.4 | 118 | 95.9 | 0.627 |
Mental health at Wave 2 | |||||||
PTSD (previous month) | 21 | 15.0 | 3 | 17.6 | 18 | 14.6 | 0.721 |
Major depressive disorder (last two weeks) | 12 | 8.6 | 2 | 11.8 | 10 | 8.1 | 0.641 |
Suicide risk (previous month) | 57 | 40.7 | 4 | 23.5 | 53 | 43.1 | 0.187 |
Anxiety disorders (at least one) | 54 | 38.6 | 7 | 41.2 | 47 | 38.2 | 0.814 |
Moderately/markedly/severely ill (CGI) | 42 | 31.8 | 3 | 33.3 | 39 | 31.7 | 0.839 |
Involvement in November 2015 attacks | |||||||
Directly threatened or witness | 9 | 6.4 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 7.3 | NA |
Close relative of victims | 16 | 11.3 | 2 | 11.1 | 14 | 11.4 | 0.999 |