Table 1 Summary of longitudinal sub-models with single longitudinal outcome

 Continuous

[13, 15,16,17,18,19, 22,23,24,25, 27, 33, 35, 37,38,39,40, 43, 44, 46,47,48, 51, 52, 55, 56, 59,60,61,62, 65, 66, 75,76,77,78,79,80,81]

 Count

[31, 53]

 GLM, NLME, SNLME, Semiparametric random-effects model^a

[51, 52, 77, 78, 81]

 LME

[15,16,17,18,19, 23, 33, 35, 46, 48, 62, 75, 76]

 Partially LME

[22, 37, 56, 61]

 Mixed effect model, Mixed effect model with IOU stochastic process, Mixed-effect varying coefficient Tobit model, Bent-cable mixed-effects model^a

[25, 39, 44, 47]

 Mixed-effects varying-coefficient model

[27, 38, 80]

 LQMM, Quantile-based mixed model, QR- NLME, QR-NLMET^a

[24, 59, 60, 79]

 Hurdle two-part model and Longitudinal Tobit model^a

[43, 66]

 Random change point model, Multiple-change point model, Longitudinal model for the immune response ^a

[13, 40, 55, 65]

 ZAB, Two zero-inflated count models^a

[31, 53]

 Normal

[13, 15, 19, 25, 27, 33, 38, 46, 47, 51, 55, 60, 75,76,77, 79,80,81]

 Multivariate normal

[16,17,18, 24, 39, 43, 44, 59, 62, 66]

 Finite mixture of normal distributions, N/I^a

[48], [23, 35]

 Dirichlet process prior

[40, 52]

 Spline

[22, 37, 56, 61, 78]

 Normal

[13, 16, 17, 19, 33, 39, 40, 46,47,48, 52, 55, 62, 65, 66, 75, 76, 81]

 N/I, SN^a

[23, 35], [51]

 t-distribution

[18]

 ST

[15, 22, 37, 38, 56, 61]

 Multivariate ST

[25, 27, 44, 77, 78, 80]

 ALD

[24, 59, 79]