Study design factors influencing patients’ willingness to participate in clinical research: a randomised vignette-based study

Table 3 Independent associations of six experimental factors with willingness to participate in clinical studies

	Willingness to participate^a
Experimental factors assessed in two clinical vignettes	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value
Vignette 1
Belief of greater effectiveness of the new drug (vs. clinical equipoise)	0.77	0.62–0.95	0.013
Random allocation of study drugs (vs. medical decision)	0.99	0.81–1.22	0.949
Public research funding (vs. research financed by a drug company)	1.38	1.12–1.71	0.002
Vignette 2
Rare disease (vs. frequent, heart diseases)	0.95	0.77–1.18	0.660
Genetic analysis of specimens (vs. blood protein analyses)	1.11	0.89–1.38	0.352
Automatic reporting of test results to the participant (vs. reporting only upon request)	1.15	0.92–1.43	0.220

Abbreviation: CI Confidence interval
^aObtained by ordinal logistic regression model. Willingness to participate was rated on a 5-point Likert scale

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