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Table 1 Behaviour change constructs and descriptions relevant to questionnaire response. (Based on Cane et al (2012) [12] and on Duncan’s et al (2015) [3]

From: Increasing questionnaire response: evidence from a nested RCT within a longitudinal birth cohort study

Theoretical domain that could be targeted

Theoretical domain constructs

Intentions and goals

Establish theintentionto return the questionnaire

Detail original consent and encourage return of questionnaire as soon as possible

State thegoalsin relation to returning the questionnaire

Target both immediate goals (completing questionnaire) and longer term goals

Social influences

Relate the research tosocial normsorconformity

Provide information on the number of people taking part and completing the questionnaire if appzropriate

Beliefs about consequences

Information ofconsequencesandattitude

Specific information about the benefits of taking part and what the consequences will be if people do not complete the information. Detail what the expectations of the outcomes will be

Behavioural regulation

Implementationintentionand how will they put a plan intoaction (action planning)

Detail an example of where, when, and how behaviour will be performed.

Environmental context and behaviour

Identifybarriersand how these can be overcome

Introduce or define environmental or social stimulus with the purpose of prompting or cueing the behaviour.

Knowledge

Informationabout the study, disease and why this is important