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Fig. 5 | BMC Medical Research Methodology

Fig. 5

From: Time series prediction of under-five mortality rates for Nigeria: comparative analysis of artificial neural networks, Holt-Winters exponential smoothing and autoregressive integrated moving average models

Fig. 5

Observed (historical), predicted and forecasted under-five mortality rates by modeling techniques (a) in-sample prediction (1964–2017) (b) out-of-sample forecasting (2018–2030) GMDH: Group method of data handling, ARIMA: autoregressive integrated moving averages, Holt-Winters: Holt-Winters exponential smoothing method. All the lines basically overlap in Plot A

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