Fig. 4From: Flexible modelling of risk factors on the incidence of pneumonia in young children in South Africa using piece-wise exponential additive mixed modellingTime-varying hazard ratios over time \(HR(t)={\text {exp}\ {\left (\widehat {\beta }_{1}+{\hat {f}}_{1}(t)\right)}}\) for the variables without significant evidence for time-varying trends, with 95% confidence intervals (shaded area)Back to article page