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Table 3 Descriptive summary of the characteristics of the included studies

From: A scoping review of studies using observational data to optimise dynamic treatment regimens

 

Clinical focus

 

Characteristic

No

Yes

Overall

Publications (n)

45

18

63

Year published (%)

 1995 to 1999

1 (2)

0 (0)

1 (2)

 2000 to 2004

2 (4)

0 (0)

2 (3)

 2005 to 2009

6 (13)

3 (17)

9 (14)

 2010 to 2014

12 (27)

6 (33)

18 (29)

 2015 to 2019

18 (40)

7 (39)

25 (40)

 2020

6 (13)

2 (11)

8 (13)

Clinical area (%)

 Cancer

7 (16)

1 (6)

8 (13)

 Diabetes

6 (13)

0 (0)

6 (10)

 HIV/AIDS

15 (33)

12 (67)

27 (43)

 Other

14 (31)

5 (28)

19 (30)

 Thrombosis

3 (7)

0 (0)

3 (5)

Outcome type (%)

 Binary

4 (9)

3 (17)

7 (11)

 Categorical

1 (2)

0 (0)

1 (2)

 Continuous

17 (38)

2 (11)

19 (30)

 Time-to-event

23 (51)

13 (72)

36 (57)

Participants (median [IQR])

2604 [710, 13,039]

9793 [3084, 39,887]

3882 [1420, 23,602]

Funding source/s (%)

 Non-profit

4 (9)

2 (11)

6 (10)

 Not reported

9 (20)

1 (6)

10 (16)

 Public

35 (78)

16 (89)

51 (81)

Statistical method/s (%)

 G-estimation

4 (9)

0 (0)

4 (6)

 Inverse probability weighting

17 (38)

9 (50)

26 (41)

 Other

9 (20)

1 (6)

10 (16)

 Parametric G-formula

8 (18)

8 (44)

16 (25)

 Q-learning

9 (20)

1 (6)

10 (16)

 Regret regression

3 (7)

0 (0)

3 (5)

 TMLE

4 (9)

0 (0)

4 (6)

Missing data addressed (%)

24 (53)

8 (44)

32 (51)

Model evaluation included (%)

22 (49)

8 (44)

30 (48)

Model selection included (%)

19 (42)

15 (83)

34 (54)

Sensitivity analysis included (%)

23 (51)

15 (83)

38 (60)

Software included (%)

 No

25 (56)

17 (94)

42 (67)

 R

18 (40)

0 (0)

18 (29)

 SAS

2 (4)

1 (6)

3 (5)

  1. Abbreviations: AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, HIV Human immunodeficiency virus, IQR Inter-quartile range, TMLE Targeted maximum likelihood (minimum loss-based) estimation. Note that each study could have multiple funding sources and statistical methods. Percentages are rounded and taken with respect to number of publications in each column