Pharmacotherapy | Traditional Chinese Medicine | Mesenchymal stem cells and NK cells | Advanced life-support strategies | Convalescent plasma and immunoglobulins | Others | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of trials – no. (%) | 349 (60) | 92 (16) | 39 (7) | 27 (5) | 35 (6) | 44 (8) |
Maximal inclusion age – no. (%) | ||||||
≥ 65 | 115 (33) | 56 (61) | 26 (67) | 10 (37) | 12 (34) | 17 (39) |
≥ 80 | 61 (17) | 26 (28) | 7 (18) | 9 (33) | 6 (17) | 6 (14) |
Not specified or unknowna | 228 (65) | 32 (35) | 12 (31) | 17 (63) | 20 (57) | 27 (61) |
Inclusion of severe COVID-19 – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 174 (50) | 23 (25) | 28 (72) | 16 (59) | 22 (63) | 16 (36) |
No | 86 (25) | 30 (33) | 2 (5) | 10 (37) | 4 (11) | 14 (32) |
No information | 89 (26) | 39 (42) | 9 (23) | 1 (4) | 9 (26) | 14 (32) |
Inclusion of critical COVID-19 – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 70 (20) | 3 (3) | 12 (31) | 17 (63) | 16 (46) | 8 (18) |
No | 165 (47) | 48 (52) | 9 (23) | 6 (22) | 9 (26) | 22 (50) |
No information | 114 (33) | 41 (45) | 18 (46) | 4 (15) | 10 (29) | 14 (32) |
Inclusion of participants with cancer – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 15 (4) | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
No | 49 (14) | 31 (34) | 27 (69) | 3 (11) | 4 (11) | 11 (25) |
No information | 285 (82) | 58 (63) | 12 (31) | 24 (89) | 31 (89) | 32 (73) |
Inclusion of participants with COPD – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 16 (5) | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
No | 31 (9) | 31 (34) | 7 (18) | 3 (11) | 3 (9) | 6 (14) |
No information | 302 (87) | 58 (63) | 32 (82) | 23 (85) | 32 (91) | 38 (86) |
Inclusion of participants with diabetes – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 16 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
No | 16 (5) | 11 (12) | 2 (5) | 3 (11) | 1 (3) | 6 (14) |
No information | 317 (91) | 81 (88) | 37 (95) | 23 (85) | 34 (97) | 38 (86) |
Inclusion of participants with heart disease – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 30 (9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
No | 52 (15) | 23 (25) | 3 (8) | 1 (4) | 4 (11) | 5 (11) |
No information | 267 (77) | 69 (75) | 36 (92) | 25 (93) | 31 (89) | 38 (86) |
Inclusion of participants with hypertension – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 19 (5) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
No | 8 (2) | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
No information | 322 (92) | 86 (93) | 39 (100) | 25 (93) | 35 (100) | 43 (98) |
Inclusion of immunocompromised participants – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 9 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
No | 82 (23) | 27 (29) | 13 (33) | 2 (7) | 5 (14) | 9 (20) |
No information | 258 (74) | 65 (71) | 26 (67) | 25 (93) | 30 (86) | 35 (80) |
Main geographical locations – no. (%) | China 110 (32) Single European country 103 (30) United States 47 (13) | China 90 (98) Single African country 1 (1) No information 1 (1) | China 28 (72) Single European country 6 (15) Single American country 2 (5) | China 10 (37) Single European country 9 (33) United States 6 (22) | China 11 (31) Single European country 9 (26) United States 6 (17) | China 21 (48) United States 8 (18) Single European country 7 (16) |
Primary endpoints used – no. (%) | ||||||
Mortality | 43 (13) | 7 (8) | 3 (8) | 8 (30) | 9 (26) | 5 (11) |
Clinical status (WHO Scales) | 38 (11) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 3 (7) |
Length of hospitalization | 14 (4) | 8 (9) | 2 (5) | 2 (7) | 2 (6) | 3 (7) |
Randomised trials – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 275 (79) | 49 (53) | 19 (49) | 13 (48) | 16 (46) | 26 (59) |
No | 74 (21) | 43 (47) | 20 (51) | 14 (52) | 19 (54) | 18 (41) |
Multicentre trials – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 129 (37) | 37 (40) | 11 (28) | 6 (22) | 13 (37) | 15 (34) |
No | 164 (47) | 47 (51) | 26 (67) | 17 (63) | 16 (46) | 25 (57) |
No information | 56 (16) | 8 (9) | 2 (5) | 4 (15) | 6 (17) | 4 (9) |
Industry-funded – no. (%) | ||||||
Yes | 73 (21) | 12 (13) | 9 (23) | 2 (7) | 6 (17) | 7 (16) |
No | 276 (79) | 80 (87) | 30 (77) | 25 (93) | 29 (83) | 37 (84) |
Median sample size calculated (IQR) – no. | 123.5 (60–333) | 120 (72–300) | 30 (20–48) | 44 (20–190.5) | 50 (20–117.5) | 70 (40–200) |
Median expected trial duration (IQR) – days | 181 (98.5–365) | 155 (90–337) | 314 (188–437.5) | 217 (92–396) | 214 (92–364) | 262.5 (90–381.75) |