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Fig. 5 | BMC Medical Research Methodology

Fig. 5

From: Applied comparison of large‐scale propensity score matching and cardinality matching for causal inference in observational research

Fig. 5

Hazard ratio for angioedema between new users of ACEI vs. thiazide or thiazide-like diuretic monotherapya. ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; SE: standard error of the natural log of the hazard ratio; PSM: lage-scale propensity score matching; CM: large-scale cardinality matching.a Uncalibrated effect estimates (left panel) and calibrated effect estimates (right panel) for analyses performed within the full study population (N=172,117). Calibrated hazard ratio, estimates, confidence intervals, standard errors and p-values based on the empirical null distribution of negative control outcomes

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