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Table 5 Proportion of trials (n = 691) cited by clinical guidelines per sub-cohort and type of publication

From: Investigator initiated trials versus industry sponsored trials - translation of randomized controlled trials into clinical practice (IMPACT)

Trials cited by guideline

IIT

Public Germany gov

No. of trials (%)

IIT

Public Germany

other

No. of trials (%)

IIT

Public Germany

(total)

No. of trials (%)

IIT

Public International

No. of trials (%)

IST

Commercial Germany

No. of trials (%)

IST

Commercial International

No. of trials (%)

Total

No. of trials

(%)

Total trials

60

60

120 (100)

200 (100)

171 (100)

200 (100)

691 (100)

Trials in guidelines

27 (45)

8 (13)

35 (29)

61 (31)

50 (29)

32 (16)

178 (26)

95% CI

32–58

6–25

21–38

24–37

23–37

11–22

23–29

Direct

 Trials with method articles in guideline

7 (12)

0

7 (6)

2 (1)

0

1 (< 1)

10 (1)

 Trials with result articles in guideline

19 (32)

4 (7)

23 (19)

36 (18)

27 (16)

18 (9)

104 (15)

 Trials with register ID in guidelines

3 (5)

0

3 (3)

2 (1)

2 (1)

0

7 (1)

 Trials with any direct citation

25 (42)

4 (7)

29 (24)

38 (19)

29 (17)

18 (9)

114 (16)

Indirect

 Trials in guidelines via review

16 (27)

8 (13)

24 (20)

43 (22)

35 (20)

20 (10)

122 (18)

Direct AND indirect

 Trials in guidelines via review AND result article

12 (20)

8 (13)

20 (17)

42 (21)

35 (20)

20 (10)

117 (17)

  1. Direct: guidelines cite the original published article(s); Indirect: guidelines cite systematic review(s) that include the original published article(s)