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Table 4 Characteristics of Parent Survey Completers (n = 413) Described and Compared by Positive Deviance Status as Measured by the Standardized Parent Participation Profile

From: Quantifying parent engagement in the randomized Fuel for Fun impact study identified design considerations and BMI relationships

Baseline Psychosocial Factors

Standardized Parent Participation Profilea,b

Total group

PD (n = 105)c

Non-PD (n = 308)

ecSI 2.0™ d (n = 397)

32.2± 8.1

33.2 ± 7.9 (n = 101)

31.8±8.1

Subscales:

 Eating Attitudese

12.9±3.5 (n = 406)

13.1±3.4 (n = 102)

12.8±3.6

 Food Acceptance f*

5.1±2.0 (n = 407)

5.5±2.1 (n = 101)

5.0±2.0

 Internal Regulationg

4.0±1.4 (n = 410)

4.0±1.5 (n = 102)

4.0±1.4

 Conceptual Skillsh

10.2±3.0 (n = 409)

10.6±2.7 (n = 102)

10.1±3.0

EC i (n = 397)

210 (53%)

58 (57%)

152 (51%)

BMI j (n = 407)

26.1±5.8

25.5±5.5 (n = 102)

26.3±6.0

 Underweight (n = 6)

6 (1%)

2 (2%)

4 (1%)

 Normal weight (n = 207)

207 (51%)

55 (54%)

152 (50%)

 Overweight (n = 117)

117 (29%)

27 (26%)

90 (30%)

 Obese (n = 77)

77 (19%)

18 (18%)

59 (19%)

Highest Education

 High School or less

25 (6%)

7 (7%)

18 (6%)

 Some College/Training

119 (29%)

26 (25%)

93 (30%)

 4-yr College Degree

145 (35%)

40 (38%)

105 (34%)

 Post graduate College

124 (30%)

29 (28%)

95 (31%)

Used ≥1 Assistance Program

120 (29%)

32 (30%)

88 (29%)

Child Feeding Stylek **

 Uninvolved

78 (19%)

12 (12%)

66 (22%)

 Indulgent

120 (30%)

41 (42%)

79 (26%)

 Authoritative

83 (21%)

17 (17%)

66 (22%)

 Authoritarian

120 (30%)

28 (29%)

92 (30%)

Physical Activity Levell

 Low

94 (23%)

22 (21%)

72 (23%)

 Moderate

119 (29%)

28 (27%)

91 (30%)

 High

200 (48%)

52 (50%)

148 (48%)

Modeling Scorem (n = 403)

15.2±4.2

15.7±3.5 (n = 102)

15.0±4.4(n = 301)

SE/OE Scoren (n = 405)

53.1±8.8

53.6±9.0(n = 100)

52.9±8.7(n = 305)

HEI scoreo (n = 77)

55.4±12.4

55.2±12.1(n = 54)

56.0±13.6(n = 23)

Stressp (n = 426)

6.7±2.1

6.7 ± 2.0

6.7±2.1 (n = 321)

  1. Table entries are mean (Standard Deviation) or frequencies (%). Percentages may not sum to 100% because of rounding. Sample sizes are as listed in the heading unless included in parentheses EC Eating Competent, SE/OE Self-efficacy/Outcome Expectancies toward fruits and vegetables, ecSI 2.0â„¢ Satter Eating Competence Inventory 2.0,â„¢ PD Positive Deviant
  2. a Calculated by dividing Parent Participation Profile (PPP) by number of activities offered
  3. b Column percentages are proportion of total sample or sample sizes specific to each psychosocial factor of Positive Deviant and non-Positive Deviant parents respectively
  4. c Positive deviant parent defined as participating in 75% or more of available activity types
  5. d Satter Eating Competence Inventory 2.0™ possible score 0–48; higher scores indicate more eating competence
  6. e Eating Attitudes subscale possible range 0–18
  7. f Food Acceptance subscale possible range 0–9
  8. g Internal Regulation subscale possible range 0–6
  9. h Contextual Skills subscale possible range 0–15
  10. i Eating Competence defined as ecSI 2.0™ ≥ 32
  11. j BMI calculated from self-reported weight and height
  12. kAssessed by Child Feeding Styles Questionnaire; Total n = 401; positive deviant n = 98
  13. l Measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire
  14. m Possible score 0–33; higher scores indicate more modeling
  15. n Possible score 12–60; higher scores indicate greater SE/OE
  16. o Healthy Eating Index, Calculated using 2010 Dietary Guidelines
  17. p Possible score 1 (no stress) to 10 (extreme stress)
  18. * Independent t-test comparing Positive Deviant status p = 0.024
  19. **Chi Square comparing Positive Deviant status p=0.015
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BMC Medical Research Methodology

ISSN: 1471-2288

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