Fig. 2
From: Employing multiple synchronous outcome samples per subject to improve study efficiency
A schematic illustrating the relationship of overall variability, between-subject variability, within-subject variability, intra-class correlation (ICC), number of synchronous samples (m), and study size. For convenience, overall variability is set to 1, between-subject variability is the increasing diagonal (left to right), and within-subject variability the decreasing diagonal. The intra-class correlation (ICC) is on the x-axis and summarises the relationship between subject and within-subject variability. Study size is statistically linearly related to the two sources of variability and correlation and in addition to the number of synchronous samples (m)