Table 1 Demographic characteristics of children in the study sample, overall and by experimental arm

Age in years^a

6.6 [2.9, 11.4]

8.3 [2.5, 11.9]

7.2 [2.6, 11.7]

Female

77 (37.7)

78 (36.1)

155 (36.9)

 American Indian or Alaska Native

1 (0.5)

1 (0.5)

2 (0.5)

 Asian

2 (1.0)

5 (2.3)

7 (1.7)

 Black or African American

40 (19.6)

54 (25.0)

94 (22.4)

 White

149 (73.0)

123 (56.9)

272 (64.8)

 More than one

10 (4.9)

26 (12.0)

36 (8.6)

 Other

2 (1.0)

6 (2.8)

8 (1.9)

 Unknown

0 (0.0)

1 (0.5)

1 (0.2)

 Hispanic or Latino

22 (10.8)

25 (11.6)

47 (11.2)

 Not Hispanic or Latino

180 (88.2)

191 (88.4)

371 (88.3)

 Unknown

2 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

2 (0.5)

Parent preferred language-Spanish

8 (3.9)

7 (3.2)

15 (3.6)

 Private/commercial

94 (46.1)

93 (43.1)

187 (44.5)

 Medicaid/Medicare

89 (43.6)

105 (48.6)

194 (46.2)

 Self-Pay/no insurance

9 (4.4)

3 (1.4)

12 (2.9)

 More than one/other

10 (4.9)

13 (6.0)

23 (5.5)

 Unknown

2 (1.0)

2 (0.9)

4 (1.0)

 Less than $15,000

32 (15.7)

34 (15.7)

66 (15.7)

 $15,000-$19,999

8 (3.9)

13 (6.0)

21 (5.0)

 $20,000-$29,999

15 (7.4)

23 (10.6)

38 (9.0)

 $30,000-$39,999

12 (5.9)

21 (9.7)

33 (7.9)

 $40,000-$49,999

18 (8.8)

19 (8.8)

37 (8.8)

 $50,000-$74,999

25 (12.3)

26 (12.0)

51 (12.1)

 ≥ $75,000

73 (35.8)

69 (31.9)

142 (33.8)

 Unknown

21 (10.3)

11 (5.1)

32 (7.6)

 2

8 (3.9)

11 (5.1)

19 (4.5)

 3-4

110 (53.9)

119 (55.1)

229 (54.5)

 5 or more

83 (40.7)

81 (37.5)

164 (39.0)

 Unknown

3 (1.5)

5 (2.3)

8 (1.9)

 High school/GED or less

70 (34.3)

80 (37.0)

150 (35.7)

 Associates/vocational degree/some college

46 (22.5)

65 (30.1)

111 (26.4)

 Bachelor’s degree

40 (19.6)

41 (19.0)

81 (19.3)

 Graduate degree

37 (18.1)

24 (11.1)

61 (14.5)

 Unknown

11 (5.4)

6 (2.8)

17 (4.0)