Table 2 Population size, outcome proportion, and characteristics for the development database (influenza) and external validation databases for COVID-19 and influenza (N/A indicates this result is not available)

Number of participants

2,082,277

2,731

1,985

37,950

395

1,446

3,105

2,791

3,146,801

29,132

1,276,478

536,806

248,989

1,654,157

Hospitalization with pneumonia (Outcome proportion %)

105,030 (5.04)

N/A

89 (4.48)

1,223 (1.11)

21 (5.32)

149 (10.30)

49 (1.58)

29 (1.04)

33,824 (1.07)

22 (0.08)

728 (0.06)

32,987 (6.15)

31,059 (12.47)

34,229 (2.07)

Hospitalization with pneumonia requiring intensive services or death (Outcome proportion %)

29,905 (1.44)

134 (4.91)

22 (1.11)

N/A

5 (1.27)

38 (2.63)

5 (0.16)

3 (0.11)

4,856 (0.02)

24 (0.08)

65 (0.01)

7,226 (1.35)

3,628 (1.46)

7,368 (0.45)

Death (Outcome proportion %)

11,407 (0.55)

335 (12.27)

43 (2.17)

406 (1.07)

1 (0.25)

43 (2.97)

5 (0.16)

4 (0.14)

965 (0.03)

24 (0.08)

75 (0.01)

2,603 (0.48)

1,354 (0.54)

3,513 (0.21)

Age (% above 65)

26.1

38.9

15.6

17.9

18.2

37.3

11.9

23.1

12.5

16.9

16.0

14.2

96.2

30.0

Sex (%, male)

44.4

47.2

43.5

43.4

49.6

81.4

41.7

44.5

42.7

43.7

56.8

29.2

45.9

40.1

Cancer (%)

12.6

17.1

9.8

6.3

11.6

17.0

7.7

8.2

6.2

3.7

2.5

8.9

35.2

10.6

COPD (%)

10.2

9.3

4.9

2.5

6.3

20.5

2.7

3.1

2.7

2.7

0.5

19.8

26.6

7.6

Diabetes (%)

20.5

30.9

23.1

8.0

19.7

35.2

3.8

13.0

11.4

6.7

8.3

27.4

36.1

15.3

Heart disease (%)

31.0

40.1

17.1

11.2

25.8

44.7

7.7

12.9

16.5

7.5

8.0

36.1

68.2

23.4

Hypertension (%)

44.2

51.6

26.3

14.8

38.5

63.0

13.9

27.0

29.1

12.4

11.4

49.8

80.4

36.1

Hyperlipidemia (%)

46.8

40.6

39.9

11.4

32.9

62.5

3.3

20.2

21.8

4.6

15.2

36.0

69.6

34.2

Kidney disease (%)

18.7

31.2

17.0

11.0

24.3

32.4

7.6

6.2

9.0

1.2

5.1

23.4

35.5

14.9