Fig. 22From: Analysis approaches to address treatment nonadherence in pragmatic trials with point-treatment settings: a simulation studyMean squared error (MSE) versus the nonadherence rate for the null and non-null effect using DAG 3. Here, violation indicates the violation of the exclusion restriction assumption. Abbreviations: ITT: intention-to-treat, PP: per-protocol, AT: as-treated, IP-weighted PP: inverse probability-weighted per-protocol, 2SLS: two-stage least square, 2SRI: two-stage residual inclusionBack to article page