Fig. 4From: Analysis approaches to address treatment nonadherence in pragmatic trials with point-treatment settings: a simulation studyBias versus treatment effect in risk difference for 10 and 40% nonadherence for simulation setting 2. The naive and both-stages adjusted 2SLS and 2SRI share the same line as they produce the same amount of bias. The baseline-adjusted PP and IP-weighted PP also share the same line. Abbreviations: PP: per-protocol, IP-weighted PP: inverse probability-weighted per-protocol, 2SLS: two-stage least square, 2SRI: two-stage residual inclusionBack to article page