Variable | Variable levels | Frequency (%) | Mean ± SDa | P-value§ |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 300 (72.60) | 0.88 ± 1.71 | 0.028 |
Female | 113 (27.40) | 1.34 ± 2.33 | ||
Age (year) |  < 25 | 55 (13.32) | 0.45 ± 0.95 |  < 0.001 |
36.16 ± 11.18 | 25–34 | 154 (37.29) | 0.90 ± 1.37 | |
35–44 | 111 (26.87) | 1.68 ± 3.31 | ||
 ≥ 45 | 93 (22.52) | 1.62 ± 1.89 | ||
Birth season | Spring | 130 (31.47) | 1.11 ± 1.68 | 0.438 |
Summer | 145 (35.11) | 1.43 ± 2.38 | ||
Autumn | 67 (16.22) | 0.96 ± 2.80 | ||
Winter | 71 (17.20) | 1.20 ± 1.89 | ||
Birthplace township | Hamadan | 119 (28.81) | 1.02 ± 1.66 | 0.178 |
Other Hamadan province townships | 210 (50.85) | 1.41 ± 2.66 | ||
Out of Hamadan province | 84 (20.34) | 1.00 ± 1.30 | ||
Education status | Illiterate | 36 (8.72) | 1.42 ± 1.74 | 0.184 |
Under diploma | 237 (57.38) | 1.38 ± 2.53 | ||
Diploma | 102 (24.70) | 0.85 ± 1.35 | ||
Academic | 38 (9.20) | 0.97 ± 1.93 | ||
Marital status | Married | 130 (31.48) | 1.15 ± 1.59 | 0.924 |
Separated/Divorced/Widow | 50 (12.11) | 1.28 ± 1.94 | ||
Single | 233 (56.41) | 1.23 ± 2.50 | ||
Number of children | 0 | 282 (68.28) | 1.21 ± 2.39 | 0.023 |
1–2 | 74 (17.92) | 0.77 ± 1.24 | ||
 ≥ 3 | 57 (13.80) | 1.82 ± 1.93 | ||
Employment status | Employed | 74 (17.92) | 1.00 ± 1.92 | 0.165 |
Housewife | 45 (10.89) | 0.76 ± 1.30 | ||
Unemployed/Disabled/Retired | 294 (71.19) | 1.34 ± 2.33 | ||
Residence status | Urban | 279 (67.55) | 1.12 ± 2.05 | 0.204 |
Rural | 134 (32.45) | 1.41 ± 2.44 | ||
The township of residence | Hamadan | 163 (39.47) | 1.00 ± 1.61 | 0.077 |
Other Hamadan province townships | 197 (47.70) | 1.47 ± 2.67 | ||
Out of Hamadan province | 53 (12.83) | 0.92 ± 1.49 | ||
The population of residence (person) |  < 10,000 | 150 (36.32) | 1.42 ± 2.53 | 0.495 |
10,000–99,000 | 75 (18.16) | 1.07 ± 1.47 | ||
100,000–499,000 | 42 (10.17) | 1.26 ± 3.23 | ||
 ≥ 500,000 | 146 (35.35) | 1.06 ± 1.69 | ||
Living status | With parents | 229 (55.45) | 1.14 ± 2.20 | 0.598 |
With spouse | 115 (27.84) | 1.21 ± 1.61 | ||
With siblings/children/other people or alone | 69 (16.71) | 1.45 ± 2.86 | ||
Having homogeneous sibling | Yes | 369 (89.35) | 1.25 ± 2.27 | 0.368 |
No | 44 (10.65) | 0.93 ± 1.28 | ||
Number of siblings | 0–1 | 43 (10.41) | 1.26 ± 1.54 | 0.197 |
2–3 | 98 (23.73) | 0.87 ± 1.44 | ||
 ≥ 4 | 272 (65.86) | 1.33 ± 2.46 | ||
Having a history of emotional distress | Yes | 286 (69.25) | 1.31 ± 2.33 | 0.187 |
No | 127 (30.75) | 1.00 ± 1.79 | ||
Having a history of arrest or prison | Yes | 43 (10.41) | 1.37 ± 1.67 | 0.615 |
No | 370 (89.59) | 1.19 ± 2.24 | ||
Having a history of substance abuse | Yes | 145 (35.11) | 1.17 ± 1.74 | 0.746 |
No | 268 (64.89) | 1.24 ± 2.39 | ||
Having a history of smoking | Yes | 211 (51.09) | 1.37 ± 2.29 | 0.125 |
No | 202 (48.91) | 1.04 ± 2.06 |