Fig. 2From: Assessing the effectiveness of empirical calibration under different bias scenariosBias of treatment estimates and the coverage of their standard errors by the 95% confidence interval in the model misspecification – missing quadratic term scenario. In the “ideal” case the effect of confounders on the outcomes are the same, and in the “random coefficients” case these effects are randomised. Within each cell, the left funnel plot shows the estimates calibrated with negative controls only and the right funnel plot shows estimates calibrated with negative and positive controlsBack to article page