Item response theory and differential test functioning analysis of the HBSC-Symptom-Checklist across 46 countries

Heinz, Andreas; Sischka, Philipp E.; Catunda, Carolina; Cosma, Alina; García-Moya, Irene; Lyyra, Nelli; Kaman, Anne; Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike; Pickett, William

doi:10.1186/s12874-022-01698-3

BMC Medical Research Methodology

Table 2 Alignment fit statistics

From: Item response theory and differential test functioning analysis of the HBSC-Symptom-Checklist across 46 countries

Item	Parameter	R²	Weighted Average across invariant groups	Weighted Variance across invariant groups	Weighted Average across all groups	Weighted Variance across all groups	Number (percentage) of approx. invariant groups
Item 1	Discrimination	.863	1.67	0.08	1.66	0.09	30 (93.8%)
	Threshold 1	.575	0.02	0.03	-0.13	0.22	7 (21.9%)
	Threshold 2	.736	0.66	0.04	0.71	0.11	17 (53.1%)
	Threshold 3	.306	1.33	0.07	1.32	0.16	19 (59.4%)
	Threshold 4	.274	2.32	0.13	2.20	0.19	17 (53.1%)
Item 2	Discrimination	.825	1.49	0.07	1.48	0.11	29 (90.6%)
	Threshold 1	.460	0.00	0.02	-0.01	0.35	6 (18.8%)
	Threshold 2	.569	1.19	0.11	1.19	0.25	13 (40.6%)
	Threshold 3	.327	1.91	0.11	1.85	0.23	13 (40.6%)
	Threshold 4	.178	2.77	0.18	2.77	0.25	22 (68.8%)
Item 3	Discrimination	.847	1.22	0.08	1.23	0.09	30 (93.8%)
	Threshold 1	.512	0.33	0.04	0.34	0.25	11 (34.4%)
	Threshold 2	.607	1.41	0.12	1.19	0.19	11 (34.4%)
	Threshold 3	.537	2.01	0.18	1.81	0.21	12 (37.5%)
	Threshold 4	.378	2.63	0.20	2.59	0.27	20 (62.5%)
Item 4	Discrimination	.426	2.20	0.11	2.31	0.29	20 (62.5%)
	Threshold 1	.693	-0.24	0.05	-0.14	0.17	13 (40.6%)
	Threshold 2	.686	0.47	0.07	0.50	0.18	16 (50%)
	Threshold 3	.444	1.02	0.16	0.99	0.21	21 (65.6%)
	Threshold 4	.426	1.61	0.18	1.63	0.26	17 (53.1%)
Item 5	Discrimination	.000	2.20	0.19	2.13	0.43	17 (53.1%)
	Threshold 1	.462	-0.82	0.15	-0.68	0.27	8 (25%)
	Threshold 2	.782	0.06	0.04	0.11	0.19	12 (37.5%)
	Threshold 3	.677	0.86	0.20	0.74	0.21	12 (37.5%)
	Threshold 4	.415	1.69	0.32	1.53	0.34	13 (40.6%)
Item 6	Discrimination	.316	2.53	0.24	2.01	0.39	10 (31.2%)
	Threshold 1	.508	-0.69	0.11	-0.57	0.28	11 (34.4%)
	Threshold 2	.664	0.11	0.05	0.20	0.20	10 (31.2%)
	Threshold 3	.530	0.69	0.16	0.82	0.26	10 (31.2%)
	Threshold 4	.243	1.66	0.32	1.55	0.39	10 (31.2%)
Item 7	Discrimination	.876	1.47	0.06	1.46	0.09	28 (87.5%)
	Threshold 1	.319	-0.53	0.04	-0.17	0.32	9 (28.1%)
	Threshold 2	.448	0.22	0.04	0.44	0.26	12 (37.5%)
	Threshold 3	.475	1.19	0.06	0.93	0.24	11 (34.4%)
	Threshold 4	.365	1.79	0.10	1.58	0.26	11 (34.4%)
Item 8	Discrimination	.561	1.81	0.08	1.79	0.16	26 (81.2%)
	Threshold 1	.454	0.34	0.04	0.50	0.25	15 (46.9%)
	Threshold 2	.439	1.09	0.10	1.15	0.21	18 (56.2%)
	Threshold 3	.117	1.65	0.16	1.61	0.20	17 (53.1%)
	Threshold 4	.040	2.28	0.17	2.30	0.20	25 (78.1%)

Notes. MLR estimator; FIXED approach. Items (1) headache, (2) stomachache, (3) backache, (4) feeling low, (5) irritability/bad temper, (6) feeling nervous, (7) difficulties in getting to sleep, (8) feeling dizzy

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