From: Count data models for outpatient health services utilisation
Variable | Frequency(%) | Mean(± SD) |
---|---|---|
Predisposing factors | Â | Â |
  State |  |  |
  Johor | 1052 (9.01) |  |
  Kedah | 669 (5.73) |  |
  Kelantan | 709 (6.07) |  |
  Melaka | 636 (5.45) |  |
  Negeri Sembilan | 653 (5.59) |  |
  Pahang | 745 (6.38) |  |
  Penang | 688 (5.89) |  |
  Perak | 578 (4.95) |  |
  Perlis | 667 (5.71) |  |
  Selangor | 1324 (11.34) |  |
  Terengganu | 730 (6.25) |  |
  Sabah | 855 (7.32) |  |
  Sarawak | 710 (6.08) |  |
  Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur | 563 (4.82) |  |
  Federal Territory of Labuan | 643 (5.51) |  |
  Federal Territory of Putrajaya | 452 (3.87) |  |
  Age (years) |  | 44.83 (± 16.55) |
  Ethnic group |  |  |
  Malay | 7,613 (65.21) |  |
  Chinese | 1,483 (12.7) |  |
  Indian | 753 (6.45) |  |
  Bumiputera Sabah | 651 (5.58) |  |
  Bumiputera Sarawak | 488 (4.18) |  |
  Others ethnic | 686 (5.88) |  |
  Sex |  |  |
  Male | 5, 517 (47.26) |  |
  Female | 6,157 (52.74) |  |
  Education level |  |  |
  No formal education | 679 (5.82) |  |
  Primary education | 2,540 (21.76) |  |
  Secondary education | 5,593 (47.91) |  |
  Tertiary education | 2,862 (24.52) |  |
  Marital status |  |  |
  Not married* | 3,744 (32.07) |  |
  Married | 7,930 (67.93) |  |
Enabling factors | Â | Â |
Working Status | Â | Â |
  No | 4,857 (41.61) |  |
  Yes | 6,817 (58.39) |  |
Percentage (50%) of working adults in Household | Â | Â |
  No | 8,130 (69.64) |  |
  Yes | 3,544 (30.36) |  |
Government Coverage | Â | Â |
  No | 8,760 (75.04) |  |
  Yes | 2,914 (24.96) |  |
Employer Coverage | Â | Â |
  No | 9,506 (81.43) |  |
  Yes | 2,168 (18.57) |  |
Household income quintile | Â | Â |
  Poorest quintile | 2,500 (21.42) |  |
  Second quintile | 2,291 (19.62) |  |
  Third quintile | 2,335 (20. 0) |  |
  Fourth quintile | 2,301 (19.71) |  |
  Richest quintile | 2,247 (19.25) |  |
  Total household income (ln) |  | 7.52(± 1.72) |
Health need factors | Â | Â |
Had any self-reported health problem | Â | Â |
  No | 8,130 (69.64) |  |
  Yes | 3,544 (30.36) |  |
Perceived health status | Â | Â |
  Excellent & good | 8, 751 (74.96) |  |
  Fair | 2,639 (22.61) |  |
  Poor & Very poor | 284 (2.43) |  |
Number of diagnosed NCD** | Â | Â |
  0 | 8,363 (71.64) |  |
  1 | 1,517 (12.99) |  |
  2 | 1,036 (8.87) |  |
  3 | 758 (6.49) |  |